生物炭、磷及AMF对Cd胁迫下柳枝稷生长及土壤性质的影响  

Effects of biochar,phosphorus addition and AMF inoculation on switchgrass growth and soil properties under Cd stress

作　　者：孙红 郑玉龙 林炎丽 陈超[1] 杨富裕[2] SUN Hong;ZHENG Yu-long;LIN Yan-li;CHEN Chao;YANG Fu-yu(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550000,China;College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550000 [2]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100089

出　　处：《草业学报》2021年第12期71-80,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：贵州大学引进人才研究项目(贵大人基合字2019(51)号);贵州省草地生态畜牧业人才基地(RCJD2018-13);贵州省普通高等学校科技拔尖人才支持计划(黔教合KY字[2017]059)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨添加磷、生物炭和接种丛枝菌根真菌对柳枝稷镉(Cd)耐性的作用,采用盆栽法研究土壤Cd浓度为20 mg·kg^(-1)时,不同处理[对照(CK)、4.5%生物炭(biochar,B)、60 mg·kg^(-1)磷(phosphorus,P_(60))、4.5%生物炭+60 mg·kg^(-1)磷(B+P_(60))]结合丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对柳枝稷生长状况、矿质离子(P、Se)和Cd含量、土壤pH值、速效磷和酸性磷酸酶活性及土壤不同形态Cd含量的影响。结果表明:磷添加可显著提高柳枝稷根系侵染率,P_(60)处理下根系侵染率达到了56.9%。与CK相比,B、P_(60)、B+P_(60)处理对柳枝稷植株高度、叶片SPAD值、生物量无显著影响,各处理结合AMF的植株高度、叶片SPAD值、生物量均显著升高,但接菌后各处理间差异不显著。除了P_(60)处理下地上部Se和Cd含量及B+P_(60)处理下地上部Cd含量高于CK外,B、P_(60)、B+P_(60)处理下P、Se、Cd与CK无显著差异;接种AMF后CK和B处理下地上部Se和Cd含量均高于未接菌处理,且B+AM处理地上部Cd含量显著高于其他处理;但接菌后P_(60)处理地上部Se和Cd含量均低于未接菌处理。此外,无论是否接种AMF,B和B+P_(60)处理根系Cd含量均显著高于CK和P_(60),土壤速效磷含量高于CK,土壤酸性提取态Cd含量低于CK和P_(60)。接种AMF后CK、B和B+P_(60)处理的土壤残渣态Cd含量高于CK和对应未接菌处理,但接菌P_(60)处理的土壤残渣态Cd含量低于未接菌处理。由此可见,B或B+P_(60)处理提高了根系Cd和土壤速效磷含量,降低了土壤酸性提取态Cd含量;二者结合AMF提高了柳枝稷生物量和地上部Se和Cd含量及土壤残渣态Cd含量。因此,AMF结合生物炭或生物炭/磷添加提高了柳枝稷生物量、Cd吸收量,降低了土壤中重金属的生物活性,可以在重度Cd污染土壤中应用。This research investigated the effects of phosphorus,biochar addition and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)inoculation on the Cd tolerance of switchgrass.A pot experiment was conducted comprising four treatments:CK,4.5%biochar(B),60 mg·kg^(-1) phosphorus(P_(60)),4.5%biochar+60 mg·kg^(-1) phosphorus(B+P_(60)),with or without AMF inoculation.Measurements made included plant growth,mineral concentration,Cd concentration,soil pH,available P and acid phosphatase,and forms of Cd present in the soil.It was found that P addition significantly increased root colonization,and the colonization reached 56.9%with the P_(60) treatment.Compared with CK,B,P_(60) and B+P_(60) treatments had no significant effects on plant height,leaf SPAD and biomass of switchgrass.The plant height,leaf SPAD and biomass of switchgrass increased significantly with AMF inoculation,but there were no significant differences among the treatments after AMF inoculation.Except for higher Se and Cd in shoot concentrations in P_(60) and B+P_(60) treatments,compared to CK,there were no significant differences between B,P_(60) and B+P_(60) treatments and the CK treatment for P,Se and Cd concentrations in shoot tissues.After AMF inoculation,the contents of Se and Cd under CK and B treatments in plants with AMF present were higher than those in plants uninoculated with AMF,and the concentrations of Cd in shoots of plants in the B+AM treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments.However,the shoot concentrations of Se and Cd in plants in the P_(60) treatment were lower than those plants with no AMF present.In addition,the root Cd concentrations of B and B+P_(60) treatments were significantly higher than those of CK and P_(60) treatments,soil available P contents were higher than those of CK,and soil acid-extracted Cd concentrations were lower than those of CK and P_(60) treatments regardless of AMF inoculation status.The soil residual Cd concentrations of CK,B and B+P_(60) treatments with AMF inoculation were higher than corresponding non-

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 硒 土壤Cd形态 

分 类 号：S578[农业科学—作物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]