条块差异与公共服务政策的扩散  

“Line and Block”Differences and Diffusion of Public Service Policy

作　　者：吕芳[1] LüFang

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学政治与公共管理学院,北京市100088

出　　处：《政治学研究》2021年第5期77-88,M0005,共13页CASS Journal of Political Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全城乡基层治理体系研究”(20ZDA080);中国政法大学“钱端升学者”支持项目的研究成果。

摘　　要：政策扩散是公共政策研究的重要议题之一。政府间关系影响政策扩散,然而,我们需要突破地方政府整体性的视角,深入探究政府的内部结构。对2014—2020年间“城市书房”政策扩散的案例分析表明,政策类型是讨论政策扩散的前置性条件,政策扩散的空间效果差异源于政府内部的条块互动与条条互动之间的差异。公共服务类政策区别于经济类政策,条块之间与条条之间在事权认可、财政资源、激励考核机制上存在明显差异,而这些差异导致政策扩散的空间效果不同。条块互动影响地方政府职能部门的财政资源、激励考核,从而影响政策扩散的范围,促进“传染性扩散”,表现为“向邻学习”;条条互动影响地方政府职能部门的事权认可,从而影响政策扩散的层级,促进“迁移性扩散”,表现为“向强学习”。One of the most important topics in public policy research is policy diffusion.Although inter-governmental relations influence policy diffusion in general,it is necessary to look beyond the holistic perspective of local government and further investigate the internal structure of them.This case study on the policy diffusion of“urban bookstores”between 2014 and 2020 demonstrates that policy type is a precondition for discussing policy diffusion,and that differences in the spatial effects of policy diffusion result from differences in interactions between functional departments(line)and government units(block)within local governments.Public service policies differ from economic policies in that there are clear variations between lines and blocks in power recognition,financial resources,and incentive mechanisms,leading to different spatial effects of policy diffusion.Interactions between lines and blocks impact the resource allocation and performance assessment of functional departments in local governments,thereby influencing the scope of policy diffusion and promoting“contagious diffusion”,manifested as“learning from neighbours”.While the interactions between lines and lines affect the power recognition of functional departments in local governments,thereby influencing the level of policy diffusion and promoting“migratory diffusion”,manifested as“learning from the strong”.

关 键 词：公共政策 政策扩散 公共服务 条条关系 条块关系 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]