狄尔泰的历史解释学及其困境  

Dilthey's Historical Hermeneutics and Its Dilemma

作　　者：黄小洲 Huang Xiaozhou

机构地区：[1]广西大学马克思主义学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（外国哲学）》2021年第11期85-94,共10页FOREIGN PHILOSOPHY

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(15XZX012)。

摘　　要：狄尔泰发展出一种历史解释学。历史理性批判是一种对人类认识自己、认识其创造的社会和历史的能力的批判。生命在狄尔泰整个哲学中占据基础性的地位。每一个人是一个个体,而民族国家也可以看作是一个个体。狄尔泰的历史解释学就从早年过分强调个人主义的生命体验延伸到对客观精神广阔世界的普遍理解。如果说在客观精神中狄尔泰靠近了黑格尔,那么当他涉及历史规律、价值或目的的解释时,他就马上表现出拒斥黑格尔、拒斥启蒙历史哲学的态度,而重新走上浪漫主义—历史主义的路径。狄尔泰身上的浪漫主义—历史主义与启蒙主义—实证主义产生了深刻而尖锐的对立,从而使他深陷无法调解的困境。Dilthey has created a historical hermeneutics.The criticism of historical reasoning is a criticism of ability with which human beings know themselves,the society and history.Life is the foundation of Dilthey's philosophy.Everyone is an individual and every national state is an individual too.Dilthey's historical hermeneutics extends from its early emphasis on the indiv idualism of life experience to the general understanding of the universe of objective spirit.Dithey was close to Hegel in the idea of objective spirit,but he would show an opposing attitude towards Hegel and enlightenment historical philosophy,going on his own way of romanticism and historism again when he explained the historical law,value and aim.Therefore,Dilthey was trapped into the unresolved dilemma which came from the incisive contradictory between romanticism-historism and enlightenmenl-positivism.

关 键 词：狄尔泰 历史理性 解释学 客观精神 

分 类 号：B51[哲学宗教—外国哲学]