介入与干预:青少年社会化困境的社工实践--以个案L的社工实务过程为例  

Intervention and Interpose:Social Work Practice of Teenagers’Socialization Dilemma--A Case Study of L’s Social Work Practice Process

作　　者：李全利 李香 LI Quan-li;LI Xiang(School of Politics and Public Administration,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学政治与公共管理学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《山东行政学院学报》2021年第6期47-56,共10页Journal of Shandong Academy of Governance

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“整合性干预视角下的困境儿童福利制度研究”(15BSH131);广西高等教育本科教学改革工程重点项目“地方高校建设好社会工作国家级一流本科专业的路径创新与实践研究”(2020JGZ106);广西高校青年教师科研基础能力提升项目“广西农村医疗保障制度优化机制研究”(2020KY02039)。

摘　　要：青少年社会化是青少年通过学习知识,将社会规范和价值进行内化,从生物人转变成社会人的过程。青少年如果缺乏家庭、学校及社会的教育和支持,其社会化就容易出现困境,这将严重影响他们的健康成长。将青少年L作为研究对象,利用深入访谈和案例研究剖析了家庭结构因素、代际关系因素、学校环境因素以及政府干预行动因素等对青少年社会化过程造成的影响,青少年的社会化困境主要表现在自身心理情绪受阻、家庭生活场域感知缺乏、外在的学校环境形塑及社会交往和融入程度较低。通过社工实务的形式对个案L进行深入介入并干预,旨在建立信任关系并找到青少年社会化困境的化解之道,并建议:进行青少年家庭亲情的“关系重塑”与介入,帮助发挥家庭的青少年培育功能;构建学校的“环境包容”机制,形塑青少年健康的社会化品格;发挥社区社工优势,通过社区多元主体的“资源融入”促进青少年社会化发展;完善政府的“政策关怀”,重塑社会工作介入干预青少年社会化困境的合理性与合法性权威。The socialization of adolescents is a process in which adolescents transform from biological humans to social humans by learning knowledge,internalizing social norms and values.Teenagers,in the process of socialization,urgently need education and support from families,schools,and society for their growth and development.Otherwise,their socialization is prone to difficulties,which will seriously affect their healthy growth.This article takes adolescent L as the research object,using in-depth interviews and case studies to investigate the impact of factors such as family structure,intergenerational relationship,school environment,and government intervention on the socialization process of adolescents.It is known that the main manifestation of the socialization predicament of adolescents lies in their own psychological and emotional obstruction,the lack of perception in the field of family life,the external school environment,and the scarcity of social interaction and integration.This article,in the form of a study of social work practice,intensively intervenes and intervenes in Case L with the aim of building a trusting relationship and finding a solution to the socialization dilemma of adolescents.Through the research,the authors propose the following four recommendations:First,to carry out“relationship remodeling”and intervention of adolescents and family affection,as this can play a nurturing function for adolescents in the family.Second,to build an“environmental tolerance”mechanism within schools to shape the healthy socialization character of adolescents.Thirdly,to bring into play the advantages of community social workers to promote the socialization of youth through the“resource integration”of multiple subjects in the community.Finally,to improve the government’s“policy care”to reshape the rationality and legitimacy of social work’s authority to intervene in adolescents’socialization difficulties.

关 键 词：青少年 社会化困境 个案工作 社工实践 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理] C913.5[社会学]