石家庄市辐射事故应急演习与思考  

Radiation accident emergency exercise and thinking in Shijiazhuang city

作　　者：房江奇[1] 杨金政[1] 安政伟 王树刚 FANG Jiangqi;YANG Jinzheng;AN Zhengwei;WANG Shugang(Airborne survey and remote sensing center of nuclear industry,Shijiazhuang 050002 China;Hebei Radiation Environment Management Station,Shjiazhuang 130104 China)

机构地区：[1]核工业航测遥感中心,河北石家庄050002 [2]河北省辐射环境管理站,河北石家庄130104

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2021年第5期602-606,610,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：为了检验区突发环境事件应急预案的实用性和可操作性,辐射应急监测队伍快速响应、监测、处置辐射事故的能力,检验公安、卫健、宣传等部门按预案规定职责,协同处置能力,进一步规范辐射事故应急响应工作程序,开展辐射事故应急演习。描述由区组织,环保、公安、卫生、宣传等多部门联合举行的辐射事故演习,剖析情景设计、应急装备、应急监测、现场处置、应急终止等环节,对演习进行总结分析。此演习严格执行了辐射事故应急响应程序,全面验证了长安区核与辐射应急体系,依靠现有国家技术力量,大力协同与合作,提高辐射应急快速响应能力。演习是切实提高辐射事故应急管理能力、提高有效应对和处置辐射环境安全突发事件的技术能力、提高应急监测队伍技术水平的重要途径,是对放射源能否做到有效监管的技术手段之一。建议持续开展放射源运输途中在线监管能力建设;提升道路运输经营者的业务素质和技能,降低事故发生概率;持续加强应急演习(演练)与技术创新。In order to test the practicability and operability of the emergency plan for environmental emergencies of district,the ability of radiation accidents quickly respond, emergency monitoring and disposal of the radiation emergency monitoring team, and to inspect cooperative disposal ability according to the responsibilities stipulated in the plan of police department,health department, and publicity departments, and to further standardize the emergency response procedures for radiation accidents, and carry out radiation accident emergency drills. To describe the radiation accident drill organized by the district and jointly held by environmental protection, police department, health department, publicity and other departments, to analyze the scenario design, emergency equipment, emergency monitoring, on-site disposal, emergency termination, and to summarize and analyze the drill. The drill strictly implemented the emergency response procedures for radiation accidents, and comprehensively verified the nuclear and radiation emergency system in Chang’an District. By relying on the existing national technical force, the drill vigorously coordinated and cooperated to improve the rapid response ability of radiation emergency. The drill is an important way to effectively improve the emergency management ability of radiation accidents, to improve the technical ability of effectively response and emergency disposal of radiation environmental safety, and improve the technical level of the emergency monitoring team. It is also one of the technical means for the effective supervision of radioactive sources. It is suggested to continuously carry out the construction of online supervision capability during the transportation of radioactive sources, to improve the professional qualities and skills of road transport operators and reduce the probability of accidents, and continue to strengthen emergency exercises(drills) and technological innovation.

关 键 词：放射源 辐射事故 演习 无人机 

分 类 号：TL73[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]