复合曲柄摇杆式蔬菜膜上双行栽植装置设计与试验  

Design and Experiment on Compound Crank Rocker Double-row Planting Device of Vegetable Plug Seedling Up-film Transplanter

作　　者：胡飞[1] 郭栋 陈彩蓉[2] 颜华 尹文庆[2] 於海明[2] HU Fei;GUO Dong;CHEN Cairong;YAN Hua;YIN Wenqing;YU Haiming(College of Artificial Intelligence,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China;College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China;Modern Agricultural Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学人工智能学院,南京210031 [2]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031 [3]现代农装科技股份有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2021年第9期62-69,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700800);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYYJ202005);江苏省现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2020-41)。

摘　　要：针对蔬菜膜上移栽膜口大、栽植频率低等问题,设计了一种复合曲柄摇杆式蔬菜膜上双行栽植装置。在分析复合曲柄摇杆式栽植机构工作原理的基础上,建立栽植机构的运动学模型。采用Matlab软件编写栽植机构仿真分析与优化程序,分析各个参数对栽植轨迹及运动特性的影响,采用逐次逼近的方法,得到一组满足膜上栽植要求的杆件长度:l_(OA)=48 mm,l_(AB)=125 mm,l_(BC)=160 mm,l_(AD)=200 mm;根据优化后的参数组合设计样机并进行虚拟仿真和样机田间试验。结果表明:各组试验栽植合格率均在90%以上,栽植深度合格率在94%以上,株距变异系数最大为6.35%,膜口长度平均值为10.44 cm,破膜程度约为18%,栽植频率达到70株/(min·行),满足蔬菜膜上移栽的要求。To solve the problems of large opening of vegetable plug seedling up-film transplanting and low planting frequency,a compound crank-rocker type double-row planting device on film was developed.This planting device was designed for pepper pot seeding.And the kinematics model of the planting mechanism was established,its trajectory and motion equation were also calculated.The influences of different parameters on planting trajectory and movement characteristics were explored.By using the simulation analysis and optimization program written by Matlab software,the optimized length of rods were obtained as follows:l_(OA)=48 mm,l_(AB)=125 mm,l_(BC)=160 mm,and l_(AD)=200 mm.According to the optimized length of the rods,the planting mechanism was designed,and the 3D modeling and virtual simulation verification were also completed by using Creo software,after completed the manufacturing of prototype,the field experiment were carried out.The results showed that the qualified rates of planting on film were all more than 90%,and the qualified rates of planting depth were more than 94%,the maximum variation coefficient of plant spacing was 6.35%,and the average length of membrane hole was 10.44 cm,the damage rate of the planting mechanism on the film was about 18%,and the planting frequency reached 70 plants/(min·row),which met the requirements of vegetable up-film transplanting.

关 键 词：蔬菜膜上栽植装置 栽植机构 曲柄摇杆 参数优化 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]