达坂城河谷复杂地形风工程参数特性研究  

Wind Engineering Parameter Characteristics of Complex Terrain in Dabancheng Canyon

作　　者：苏小岚 辛渝[2] 张宏杰[3] 余行杰[4] 赵逸舟 李元鹏[4] Su Xiaolan;Xin Yu;Zhang Hongjie;Yu Xingjie;Zhao Yizhou;Li Yuanpeng(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Meteorological Service Center,Urumqi 830002,China;Institute of Desert Meteorology,CMA,Urumqi 830002,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100055,China;Xinjiang Climate Center,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Urgur Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区气象服务中心,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐830002 [3]中国电力科学研究院,北京100055 [4]新疆气候中心,乌鲁木齐830002 [5]新疆维吾尔自治区气象局,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2021年第6期59-67,共9页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“塔克拉玛干沙漠起伏地形上地气交换过程和大气边界层结构研究”(41830968)。

摘　　要：利用2011年达坂城河谷底部一座100 m高的测风塔的10、30、50、70、100 m高度测得的风向、风速,以及在测风塔70 m高度上安装的WindMaster Pro型三维超声风向风速传感器获取的风参数资料,计算了平均风速、各方向湍流强度、风攻角、阵风因子等地表风参数。计算结果表明:70 m高度上,10 min平均风速达21.0 m·s^(-1)时的阵风因子两度出现明显高于《建筑结构荷载规范》中关于高耸围护结构阵风因子模型推算的B类下垫面上阵风因子设计值1.52的现象。其中最大风速达26.6 m·s^(-1)时,阵风因子可高达1.7,接近C类下垫面设计值。湍流强度、风攻角、阵风因子虽均为平均风速的递减函数,但当平均风速≥25.0 m·s^(-1)时,顺风向湍流强度与阵风因子随风速的变化均出现了明显的非连续现象,顺风向湍流强度高达0.14~0.19,且25.0 m·s^(-1)以上强风时或强风下顺风向湍流强度高达0.19时,湍流强度在顺风向、横风向、竖直方向的相对比值均明显偏离该规范中的经验比值,顺风向湍流强度明显高于横风向的。风机启动的平均风速≥6.0 m·s^(-1)的时段,存在高于正5°的风攻角,风机选型时,需考虑提升气动升力系数,提高输出功率,降低老化速度。Using the wind direction and speed data measured respectively at 10,30,50,70,and 100 m from a 100 m-high tower at the bottom of the Dabancheng River Valley,combined with the wind data from WindMaster Pro 3D ultrasonic wind direction and wind speed sensor at the height of 70 m in 2011,we calculated the surface wind parameters such as average wind speed,turbulence intensity in all directions,wind attack angle,gust factor,etc.It is shown that at the 70 m height,the gust factor of 10 min average wind at the speed of 21.0 m·s^(-1)is significantly higher than the gust factor(with design value of 1.52)of the B-type underlying surface,which was calculated by the gust factor model for towering envelope structures in the“Building Structure Load Code”.When the maximum wind speed reaches 26.6 m·s^(-1),the gust factor can be as high as 1.7,close to the design value of the C-type underlying surface.The turbulence intensity,wind attack angle,and gust factor are all decreasing functions of the average wind speed,but when the average wind speed is as high as or higher than turbulence intensity and the wind attack is over 25.0 m·s^(-1),the changes of downwind turbulence intensity and the gust factor both are discontinuous with wind speed,and the downwind turbulence intensity can reach as high as 0.140.19.Additionally,when there is windstorm with speed beyond 25.0 m·s^(-1)or the downwind turbulence intensity in strong wind gets up to 0.19,the relative ratios of the turbulence intensity in the downwind,crosswind,and vertical directions all deviate significantly from the empirical ratio in the specification,and the turbulence intensity in the downwind direction is significantly higher than that in the crosswind direction.When the average wind speed is over 6.0 m·s^(-1)under the start-up of the fan,there is a wind attack angle higher than positive 5°.So,when selecting fans,it is necessary to take into account the design requirements of increasing the aerodynamic lift coefficient so as to increase the output power and reduce

关 键 词：达坂城河谷 内陆强风区 风参数特征 结构风工程 复杂地形 

分 类 号：P425.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]