血流限制法对交叉迁移现象的诱导及肌肉功能重建的作用  

Blood flow restriction method for inducing cross-education phenomenon and muscle function reconstruction

作　　者：王永超 王保臣[3,4] 魏祝颖[5] 鲍春雨[1,2] 刘世军[6] 孟庆华[1] Wang Yongchao;Wang Baochen;Wei Zhuying;Bao Chunyu;Liu Shijun;Meng Qinghua(School of Physical Education and Educational Science,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Teaching Experiment and Training Center,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Tianjin Teaching Experimental Demonstration Center for Physical Training,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Division of Scientific Research and Postgraduate,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Department of Competitive Sports,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院体育教育与教育科学学院,天津市301617 [2]天津体育学院天津市运动生理与运动医学重点实验室,天津市301617 [3]天津体育学院教学实验实训中心,天津市301617 [4]天津体育学院体能训练市级教学实验示范中心,天津市301617 [5]天津体育学院科研与研究生处,天津市301617 [6]天津体育学院竞技体育学部,天津市301617

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2022年第17期2762-2767,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11372223,11102135),项目负责人:孟庆华;天津市自然科学基金重点项目(17JCZDJC36000,18JCZDJC35900),项目负责人:孟庆华;天津市哲学社会科学规划课题(TJTY18-010),项目负责人:刘世军;天津市高等学校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2019SK091),项目负责人:王保臣。

摘　　要：背景:独立的交叉迁移现象和血流限制法目前已在运动康复领域获得了一定程度的研究成果。但是,在诱导交叉迁移现象的众多方法中,传统抗阻训练法仍然占据着主导地位,由其衍生的血流限制法却极少得到人们的关注。在国际上目前已有数篇文章证实了血流限制法对交叉迁移现象有着显著诱导作用,但却尚未发现关于传统抗阻训练与血流限制法对诱导交叉迁移效应幅度的对比实验。目的:通过对交叉迁移现象的产生机制和血流限制法的作用机制进行理论探究,探讨血流限制法在诱发交叉迁移现象时所能产生的更大效益和更广的临床应用范围。方法:由第一作者在Web of Science、PubMed和EMbase数据库进行文献检索,对相关高质量文章结果进行详细探究、分析与整理。结果与结论:(1)与非血流限制法阻力训练相比,低负荷血流限制法阻力训练提供了一种独特的替代方法,可以在较小的机械应力和运动量下诱导更大的神经-肌肉适应性;(2)康复后和肢体固定期间,血流限制法也能用作一种新的减少肌肉力量和肌肉体积损失的运动方案,同时血流限制法还提供一个独特的机制,可以单独使用或结合运动来潜在地增加对侧未训练肢体的肌力和肌肉质量;(3)于交叉迁移效应最重要的传导通路由神经系统所承载,逢集血流限制法训练对运动单位的招募速度提升,以及在局部较高代谢压力下所激发的更高神经-肌肉适应性,如此使得血流限制法训练对诱发交叉迁移效应具有更高效的先决条件;(4)现阶段,由于各研究样本数量的限制,以及血流限制法训练中对压力的使用范围还尚无明确界定,使得血流限制法-交叉迁移的实际应用仍有许多问题亟待解决,如在临床应用中压力的使用范围、各年龄阶段患者对不同压力的反应差异,以及如何在训练痛感下督促患者完整执行整个周期的康复训�BACKGROUND:Cross-education phenomenon and blood flow restriction have been studied in the field of sports rehabilitation.However,the traditional resistance training still occupies the dominant position in the induction of cross-education phenomenon,and blood flow restriction method derived from it has received little attention.Several studies have confirmed that blood flow restriction has a significant inducing effect on cross-education phenomenon,but no comparative experiment has been found on the effect of traditional resistance training versus blood flow restriction on cross-education phenomenon.OBJECTIVE:To explore the generating mechanism of cross-education phenomenon and the mechanism of blood flow restriction,and to explore the greater benefits and wider clinical application of blood flow restriction in inducing cross-education phenomenon.METHODS:The first author searched for relevant literature in the Web of Science,Pub Med,and EMbase,analyzed and summarized relevant high-quality articles for final review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Low-load blood flow restriction resistance training is a unique alternative to non-blood flow restriction resistance training,which can induce greater neuromuscular adaptability under less mechanical stress and exercises.Blood flow restriction can be used as a new exercise scheme to reduce muscle strength and muscle loss after rehabilitation and during limb fixation.Meanwhile,blood flow restriction also provides a unique mechanism,which can be used alone or combined with exercise to potentially increase the muscle strength and muscle mass of the contralateral untrained limb.The most important conduction pathway of cross-education phenomenon is carried by the nervous system,the recruitment of motor units by blood flow restriction training is accelerated and improved,and the higher neuromuscular adaptability is stimulated by local higher metabolic pressure,all of which make blood flow restriction training a more efficient prerequisite for inducing cross-education phenomenon.At presen

关 键 词：交叉迁移 血流限制法 抗阻训练 神经-肌肉适应性 骨骼肌肥大 力量增长 综述 运动康复 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R319[医药卫生—临床医学]