环境与灾害监测光学卫星技术与发展  

Technology and Development of Environment and Disaster Monitoring Optical Satellites

作　　者：白照广 汪春涛 董筠 沈中 朱军[2] 陆春玲[2] 孙纪文 于倩[2] 马磊[2] BAI Zhaoguang;WANG Chuntao;DONG Jun;SHEN Zhong;ZHU Jun;LU Chunling;SUN Jiwen;YU Qian;MA Lei(DFH Satellite Co., Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China;Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite,China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]航天东方红卫星有限公司科技委,北京100094 [2]航天东方红卫星有限公司,北京100094 [3]中国空间技术研究院遥感卫星总体部,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2021年第6期13-22,共10页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：环境与灾害监测小卫星星座(简称环境与减灾星座)光学卫星已经发射升空2组共4颗卫星,成功实现在轨接替,保证了环境与灾害监测业务的持续运行。环境减灾光学卫星立足中分辨率大幅宽遥感,谱段齐全,覆盖可见光到长波红外,辅以高光谱遥感,通过星座设计,双星可实现对全球2天的覆盖观测。环境减灾卫星遥感数据已经在环境、减灾业务及国内各行业中得到广泛应用,未来将向更高的空间、时间分辨率和更多的遥感手段方面发展。文章介绍了环境减灾光学遥感星座的建设历程,概述了环境减灾一号A/B卫星和环境减灾二号A/B卫星的技术方案,从星座建设、能力提升、长寿命设计、图像压缩、定标技术、数据应用等方面凝练了卫星的主要创新点,并且从发展策略和发展项目两方面给出了后续发展建议。Four optical satellites of the Small Satellite Constellation for Environment and Disaster Monitoring(called Environment and Disaster Reduction Constellation for short)have been launched by two groups,which have successfully achieved on-orbit succession and ensured a continuous operation of the environment and disaster monitoring business.Optical satellites for environment and disaster reduction are based on remote sensing with medium resolution and wide swath imaging,covering visible light to long-wave infrared,supplemented by hyperspectral remote sensing.Though constellation design,the double-satellite-pair can realize a global coverage observation within 2 days.The remotely sensed data of environment and disaster reduction satellites has been widely applied in environment,disaster reduction business and domestic industries.Subsequent satellites will develop towards higher temporal,spatial resolution and more remote sensing methods.The construction process of optical remote sensing constellation for environmental disaster reduction is introduced,and the technical schemes of HJ-1A/B Satellites and HJ-2A/B Satellites are summarized.The main innovations of satellite are condensed from the aspects of constellation construction,capability improvement,long-time design,image compression,calibration technology and data application.Suggestions for further development are given from two aspects:development strategy and development project.

关 键 词：环境 减灾 遥感 图像 环境减灾卫星 

分 类 号：V474.91[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]