谷子抗除草剂杂交种去除假杂种技术研究  

Study on the Technique of Removing False Hybrids from Foxtail Millet Herbicide-Resistant Hybrids

作　　者：李会霞 刘红 王玉文 田岗 刘鑫[1] 郑植尹 Li Huixia;Liu Hong;Wang Yuwen;Tian Gang;Liu Xin;Zheng Zhiyin(Millet Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Changzhi 046011,Shanxi,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学谷子研究所,山西长治046011 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第6期72-77,共6页Crops

基　　金：山西农业大学杂粮种质创新与分子育种山西省重点实验室自主研发项目(202105D121010);山西农业大学创新项目(YGC2019KQ01,YCX2019T05);山西农业大学学术恢复科研专项(2020xshf49);山西省重点研发计划(201803D221019-3);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A23)。

摘　　要：目前谷子杂交种所用不育系大多属于高度雄性不育系,有5%-10%的自交结实率,因此谷子两系杂交种会有一定比例的假杂种。传统去除假杂种方法是在苗期喷施除草剂去假留真。为了研究更简便、安全、有效去除假杂种的方法,选用拿捕净和咪唑乙烟酸2种除草剂,2019年设置6个浓度(0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%和1.4%)的除草剂药液浸泡种子,筛选最佳浓度;采用阴干、晒干和烘干3种方式,筛选最佳干燥种子方法;2020年把除草剂配入包衣剂对杂交种进行包衣试验,2种除草剂分别设置6个和3个浓度配比。结果表明,采用药液浸泡法时,2种除草剂均采用0.8%浓度最佳,种子均匀沾上药液后捞出阴干或烘干较好。采用包衣方法时,长杂谷466(抗拿捕净类型杂交种)采用"50g包衣剂拌4-5mL拿捕净包衣2.5kg种子"、长杂谷2922(抗咪唑乙烟酸类型杂交种)采用"50g包衣剂拌3mL咪唑乙烟酸包衣2.5kg种子"的方法最佳。Currently, most of the sterile lines used in foxtail millet hybrids belong to highly male sterile lines with 5%-10% self-fertility. Therefore, there will be a certain proportion of false hybrids in foxtail millet two-line hybrids.The traditional method of removing false hybrids is spraying herbicides at the seedling stage. To find a simple,safe, and effective way to remove false hybrids, two herbicides of sethoxydim and imazethapyr with six concentrations(0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.4%) were used to soak seeds in 2019 to find the optimal concentration. The best method of seed drying was selected by drying the seeds in the shade, in the sun, and in the oven. The experiment of combined application of herbicides(six concentration treatments) and coating agent(three concentration treatments) was set in 2020. The test results were as follows: in seed soaking experiment, the herbicide treatments with concentration of 0.8%(especially drying in the shade and oven after soaking evenly) had the best effects on removing false hybrids. In coating experiment, the treatment of 50 g coating agent + 4-5 mL sethoxydim coating 2.5 kg seeds was best for Changzagu 466(resistant sethoxydim hybrid), and the treatment of 50 g coating agent + 3 mL imazethapyr coating 2.5 kg seeds was best for Changzagu 2922(resistant imazethapyr hybrid).

关 键 词：谷子 两系杂交种 除草剂 假杂种 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]