生物炭基肥对马铃薯田土壤脲酶活性和产量的影响  

Effects of Biochar-Based Fertilizer on Soil Urease Activity and Yield of Potato

作　　者：高佳 王姣 王松 刘红健 康佳 沈弘 王海莉 任少勇 Gao Jia;Wang Jiao;Wang Song;Liu Hongjian;Kang Jia;Shen Hong;Wang Haili;Ren Shaoyong(Huzhou Lingliang Ecological Agriculture Co.Ltd.,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China;Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University,Zhejiang,Jiaxing 314000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州灵粮生态农业有限公司,浙江湖州313000 [2]浙江清华长三角研究院,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第6期134-138,共5页Crops

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-10-P17)。

摘　　要：为明确生物炭基肥在马铃薯生产上的应用效果,以马铃薯品种中薯3号为材料,采用随机区组设计,研究大田条件下,0(CK_(0))、300(T_(1))、600(T_(2))、900(T_(3))、1200(T_(4))kg/hm^(2)生物炭基肥及与之等量N、P、K化肥(分别为CK_(1)、CK_(2)、CK_(3)、CK_(4))对马铃薯田土壤脲酶活性和产量的影响。结果表明,在马铃薯苗期,土壤脲酶活性表现为CK_(4)>T_(4)>CK_(3)>T_(3)>CK_(2)>T_(2)>CK_(1)>T_(1)>CK_(0);在块茎增长期和成熟收获期,土壤脲酶活性表现为T_(4)>CK_(4)>T_(3)>CK_(3)>T_(2)>CK_(2)>T_(1)>CK_(1)>CK_(0)。马铃薯不同生育时期土壤脲酶活性表现为块茎增长期>成熟收获期>苗期。不同土层脲酶活性表现为0-10cm>10-20cm>20-40cm。马铃薯产量为T_(3)>T_(4)>CK_(3)>T_(2)>CK_(4)>T_(1)>CK_(2)>CK_(1)>CK_(0)。马铃薯产量与各土层脲酶活性均呈正相关,且在块茎增长期和成熟收获期相关性达到极显著水平。生物炭基肥施用量为900kg/hm^(2)时马铃薯产量最高,是适合浙江地区马铃薯种植的推荐施肥量。To study the effects of biochar-based fertilizer in potato production,random block design was used to analyse the effects of biochar-based fertilizer on soil urease activity and yield of‘Zhongshu 3’by applying 0 (CK_(0)),300 (T_(1)),600 (T_(2)),900 (T_(3)) and 1200 (T_(4)) kg/hm^(2) of biochar-based fertilizer and the same amount of N,P,K fertilizer (CK_(1),CK_(2),CK_(3),CK_(4),respectively).The results showed that at seedling stage,soil urease activity was observed as CK_(4)>T_(4)>CK_(3)>T_(3)>CK_(2)>T_(2)>CK_(1)>T_(1)>CK_(0),at the tuber growth and harvest stage,soil urease activity was observed as T_(4)>CK_(4)>T_(3)>CK_(3)>T_(2)>CK_(2)>T_(1)>CK_(1)>CK_(0).Soil urease activities at different growth stages of potato observed as tuber growth period>mature harvest stage>seedling stage.Urease activities in different soil layers were observed as 0-10cm>10-20cm>20-40cm.Potato production performance was showed as T_(3)>T_(4)>CK_(3)>T_(2)>CK_(4)>T_(1)>CK_(2)>CK_(1)>CK_(0).The yield and soil urease activity were extremely significant at the tuber growth and harvest stages.In the experiment,the yield of potato of 900kg/ha^(2) biochar-based fertilizer treatment were the highest,and it was the suitable match for Huzhou areas in Zhejiang province.

关 键 词：生物炭基肥 马铃薯 土壤脲酶活性 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]