MIMO超声波传感器阵列风速风向测量方法  

Method for measuring wind velocity and direction with MIMO ultrasonic sensor array

作　　者：李新波[1] 王晓玉[1] 朱阁彦 LI Xinbo;WANG Xiaoyu;ZHU Geyan(College of Communication Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学通信工程学院,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2021年第11期1694-1700,共7页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目(20170101207JC);吉林省省级产业创新专项资金项目(2017C017-1)。

摘　　要：为了提高测风系统的抗干扰能力及实时处理能力,本文设计了一种基于反射的多输入多输出传感器阵列风速风向测量系统。该系统由发射阵列、反射物、接收阵列、处理单元等部分组成,各发射阵元发射相位相差90°相互正交的余弦超声波信号,信号经反射后,接收阵列同步采样并匹配滤波处理,构成多发多收超声波传感器阵列测风系统。该结构合成了虚拟阵元,增大了阵列孔径,采用二级空间的多重信号分类算法,实现了风参数的快速估计。与原有阵列测风结构以及测风算法相比,本文所提风速、风向测量方法在信噪比为0 dB时仍能进行风速、风向的无差估计,而且将算法的乘法次数由216 961降到了54 922,降低了算法计算量。理论分析和仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。In this paper, a wind speed and direction measurement system based on a reflector with a multi-input multioutput(MIMO) sensor array is designed to improve the antijamming and the real-time processing abilities of the wind system. The system consists of transmitting array, reflective object, receiving array, processing unit, etc. Each transmitting array element emits cosine ultrasonic signals orthogonal to each other with a phase difference of 90°, which are later reflected by the reflector. Thereafter, the receiving array is sampled synchronously and matched with the filtering processing to realize the wind measurement system of the MIMO ultrasonic sensor array. Thus, the virtual array element is synthesized, the aperture of the array is enlarged, and the wind parameter is estimated quickly using the two-level spatial multiple signal classification algorithm. Compared with the wind measurement structure and the algorithm of the original array, the wind speed and direction measurement method proposed in this paper can undergo no-difference estimation even when the signal-to-noise ratio is 0 dB and reduce the number of multiplication from 216 961 to 54 922, reducing the calculation amount of the algorithm. Theoretical analysis and simulation results have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：风速风向测量 多发多收阵列 超声波 二级空间谱搜索 克拉美罗界 阵列信号处理 匹配滤波 计算量分析 

分 类 号：TH765[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]