北京城市街道空间几何形态与热环境研究  

Research on the Spatial Street Morphology and Thermal Environment of Urban Street in Beijing

作　　者：潘剑彬 王若晨 翟莹 李佳妮 PAN Jianbin;WANG Ruochen;ZHAI Ying;LI Jiani(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Design,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Futong Environmental Engineering Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院,北京100044 [2]北京未来城市设计高精尖创新中心,北京100044 [3]北京市富通环境工程有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期438-444,共7页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University:Social Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51641801);北京市未来城市设计高精尖创新中心2019年度课题(UDC2019021824)。

摘　　要：为了研究城市街道形态特征对近地表空气温度、湿度等热环境要素及PMV热舒适指标的影响,利用ENVI-met模型模拟城市空间中的热环境状况。选择车公庄大街、展览馆路、东单北大街、百万庄大街、三里河北街、什坊小街、王府井大街和西直门外南路等不同形态的8条街道作为北京街区街道的典型案例,以高宽比及朝向作为主要研究对象,研究街道形态与热环境的关系。结果表明:街道形态可改变热环境,其中,南北向街道的日间热环境优于东西向的日间热环境,热环境参数数值及高温区面积会随着高宽比的增大而逐渐减小。通过定量分析不同朝向街道的热环境效应,探索街道热环境与形态特征的内在关联性规律,并以此为基础提出了对现有街道热环境的优化设计策略。In order to study the influence of urban street morphology on the thermal environment factors such as near-surface air temperature,humidity and PMV thermal comfort index,the ENVI-met model was used to simulate the thermal environment in the urban space.In this paper,8 different forms of streets in Beijing which are Chegongzhuang Street,Zhanlanguan Road,Dongdan North Street,Baiwanzhuang Street,Sanlihe North Street,Shifang Street,Wangfujing Street and Xizhimenwai South Road,have been taken as typical cases,street aspect radios and orientation have been taken as the main research objections,in order to analyze the relationship between street morphology and thermal environment.The results quantitatively indicate:the street morphology can change the thermal environment.The daytime thermal environment in the north-south street is better than the daytime thermal environment in east-west street.The value of thermal environment parameters and the area of the high temperature zone will gradually decrease with the increase of the aspect ratio.By quantitative analysis of the thermal environment effects of different street orientations,the paper explores the law of internal relevance between the street morphology and thermal environment.Based on above results,an optimal design strategy for the existing street thermal environment is proposed.

关 键 词：热环境 ENVI-met 城市街道 热舒适度 街道形态 

分 类 号：TU984.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]