经合组织对全球教育的“规训”——国际学生测评项目排名政治批判  

The"Discipline"of OECD to Global Education——Criticism of League Table Politics of PISA Test

作　　者：蔡娟 刘云华 CAI Juan;LIU Yunhua(School of Education,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084;Institute of International and Comparative Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学教育学院,北京100084 [2]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2021年第12期71-78,107,共9页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：北京市教育科学规划优先关注课题“中国教育经验的国际话语体系研究”(项目编号:BBEA2020008)。

摘　　要：运用福柯关于规训技术的相关理论,借助经合组织发布的PISA政策文本,对PISA排名政治进行批判分析发现,PISA测试排名蕴藏着独特的政治学意涵。其具体表现为:将"复杂世界"转化为简单排名、用教育排名预示经济竞争力,以此建立排名转化关系,进而衡量参与国或地区学校质量和未来经济发展;开展连续多轮测试,由此形成各参与国或地区的纵向排名曲线,进一步产生了排名与自身及他国教育预期的比较、自身不同轮次排名的比较;呈现排名的相对"位置"、绝对"排位区间"以及"全貌",来描绘全体的横向排名图景。最终,经合组织将所有参与国或地区的教育置于一个全球监控的体系之中,进而施加其排名政治,逐步加深对全球教育的规训。Applying Foucault’s relevant theories on disciplinary techniques and using the policy text of the PISA test published by the OECD,this artical critical analyzes of the PISA rankings,The study found that the PISA test league table contains unique political implications,which are specifically manifested in some facets as follows.It transforms the"complex world"into simple rankings and use education rankings to predict economic competitiveness,which establishes a ranking transformation relationship,in order to measure the quality of participating countries or economies’schools and future economic development.It conducts consecutive rounds of PISA testing to form a vertical ranking curve of each participating country or economy,which further produces a comparison of the ranking with its own and other countries’education expectations,and a comparison of the rankings of each country or economy in different rounds.It shows the relative"position",absolute"ranking section"and"wholepicture"to describe the overall horizontal ranking picture.Eventually,the OECD puts the education of all participating countries or economies in a global control system,and then imposes its league table politics and gradually deepen the discipline of OECD to the global education.

关 键 词：国际学生测评 教育排名 排名政治 全球监控 经合组织 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]