细胞焦亡及其对脓毒症影响的研究进展  

Research progress in pyroptosis and its effect on sepsis

作　　者：曾培歌 林志鸿[1] Zeng Peige;Lin Zhihong(Department of Emergency,the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属第一医院急诊科,福建福州350005

出　　处：《中国中西医结合急救杂志》2021年第4期496-500,共5页Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Intensive and Critical Care

摘　　要：细胞焦亡在研究早期被认为是--种天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶I(easpase-1)依赖的“细胞凋亡”形式。随着炎症小体通路的发现.“焦亡”又被认为是炎症性caspase依赖的细胞死亡的特殊炎症效应机制。但对“焦亡”及Gasdermin(GSDM)家族的进一步研究表明,GSDM-N端结构域(CSDM-NT)是焦亡的主要执行者,但GSDM-NT在某些情况下并不需要炎症性caspase的活化。因此目前“焦亡”被定义为由炎症小体通路等方式介导,以GSDM-NT为主要执行者,引起膜通透性改变,细胞内容物释放,最终导致的溶解性细胞死亡。根据CSDM活化类型或方式、细胞类型不同以及CSDM孔是否被修复,而出现不同的炎症水平。GSDM引起的焦亡在许多遗传性疾病、自身免疫性疾病以及癌症中起突出作用。现就细胞焦亡机制及GSDM家族的研究进展以及对脓毒症的影响进行综述。Pyroplosis was idenified as a form of cysteinyl aspartate speeific proteinase I(caspase-1)-dependent form of"apoptosis"in the initial research.With the discovery of the inflammasome pathway,"Pyroplosis"was considered to be a special inflammatory effect mechanism of inflammatory caspase-dependent cell death.However,further studies on"pyroptosis"and the Gasdermin(GSDM)family have found that the GSDMs N-terminal domain(GSDM-NT)is the sole executor of pyroptosis,the activation of inflammatory caspase is not necessary for GSDM-NT in some cases.Therefore,in recent years,"pyroplosis"is redefined as inlammasome-dependent pathway,with GSDM-NT as the prominent executor,inducing changes in membrane permeability.releasing cell contents.and leading to lytie cell death ulimately.Pyroplosis can most likely result in different levels of inflammation,which depends on the type or pathway of GSDM activation,cell different lypes,and whether the GSDM pores are repaired or not.The pyroptosis caused by GSDMs plays a prominent role in many genetic diseases,autoimmune diseases and cancers.In this review,the research developments in the pyroptosis mechanism and the GSDMs family,as well as the py roptosis impact on sepsis were discussed.

关 键 词：细胞焦亡 天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶 Gasdermin 脓毒症 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]