黄淮麦区主栽小麦品种抗茎基腐病评价及茎秆和籽粒中毒素积累分析  

Evaluation of resistances to Fusarium crown rot caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum in commercial wheat cultivars of Huanghuai wheat growing region and toxin accumulation in stems and kernels

作　　者：徐飞[1,2] 李淑芳 石瑞杰 王俊美 刘继红[3] 周益林 宋玉立[1] 赵国建[4] 张姣姣 李亚红[1] XU Fei;LI Shu-fang;SHI Rui-jie;WANG Jun-mei;LIU Ji-hong;ZHOU Yi-lin;SONG Yu-li;ZHAO Guo-jian;ZHANG Jiao-jiao;LI Ya-hong(Institute of Plant protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China,Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China,Zhengzhou 450002,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Kaifeng Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部华北南部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,郑州450002 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]河南省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,河南省粮食质量安全与检测重点实验室,郑州450002 [4]开封市农林科学研究院,开封475004

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2021年第6期912-920,共9页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300700);国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目计划(GJFP2019002);河南省小麦产业技术体系(S2010-01-05、Z2010-01-07);河南省农业科学院新兴学科发展专项“小麦中禾谷镰刀菌产毒能力及防控研究”。

摘　　要：为明确黄淮麦区主栽小麦品种对茎基腐病的抗性水平、不同抗性指标的相关性,以及茎杆和籽粒中镰刀菌毒素积累情况,在采用苗期茎基部滴注法和成株期混合播种法进行抗性鉴定的基础上,本研究还利用超高效液相色谱高分辨质谱联用技术,测定了小麦茎杆和籽粒中6种常见镰刀菌毒素的含量。结果表明,供试的20个小麦品种中,苗期抗病、中抗、感病和高感的分别有‘百农207’等4个、‘郑麦7698’等7个、‘周麦18’等4个和‘矮抗58’等5个,分别占20%、35%、20%和25%。成株期表现抗病、中抗和感病的分别有‘周麦18’和‘中麦895’共2个、‘济麦23’等8个和‘矮抗58’等10个,分别占10%、40%和50%。抗性鉴定数据的统计分析发现,苗期和成株期抗性水平无显著相关性(P>0.05)。毒素检测结果表明,供试品种籽粒中均未检测到毒素,茎秆中均检测到脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)及隐蔽型真菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇-3-葡萄糖苷(D3G),含量分别为4.03~17.65 mg·kg^(-1)、0.09~1.28 mg·kg^(-1)和1.93~16.82 mg·kg^(-1)。根据研究结果,认为‘矮抗58’和‘郑麦7698’可作为感病和中抗对照品种。本研究结果为小麦茎基腐病抗性鉴定评价、抗性品种培育和利用提供了科学依据。The objectives of this study were to evaluate the resistances of main commercial wheat cultivars to Fusarium crown rot(FCR)caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum in the Huanghuai winter wheat region by drip method at seedling stage and the mixed sowing method at adult stage and analyze the correlation of resistances between seedling and adult-plant stages.Fusarium mycotoxin accumulation in stems and kernels were also detected by Ultimate 3000-Q Exactive-Orbitrap in every cultivar.The results of the resistance to FCR showed that at seedling stage,4 cultivars were resistant,accounting for 20%out of the 20 tested cultivars,such as‘Bainong 207’;7 cultivars were moderately resistant,accounting for 35%,such as‘Zhengmai 7698’;4 cultivars were susceptible,accounting for 20%,such as‘Zhoumai 18’;5 wheat cultivars were highly susceptible,accounting for 25%,such as‘Aikang 58’.At adult-plant stage,‘Zhoumai 18’and‘Zhongmai 895’were resistant,accounting for 10%;8 cultivars were moderately resistant,accounting for 40%,such as‘Jimai 23’;10 cultivars were susceptible,accounting for 50%,such as‘Aikang 58’.There was no significant correlation between see-dling resistance and adult-plant resistance(P>0.05).The results of toxin analysis showed that no toxin was detected in kernels of all the 20 wheat cultivars.Deoxynivalenol(DON,4.03-17.65 mg·kg^(-1)),zearalenone(ZEN,0.09-1.28 mg·kg^(-1))and the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol 3-glucoside(D3 G,1.93-16.82 mg·kg^(-1))were all detected in stems,with different contents in different cultivars.At both seedling and adult-plant stages,‘Zhengmai 7698’and‘Aikang 58’were selected as the representative of moderately resistant and susceptible cultivars,respectively.This results provided basis for resistance evaluation of wheat to crown rot,and breeding and utilization of resistant cultivars.

关 键 词：小麦品种 茎基腐病 抗病性 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]