精神科门诊中青年女性焦虑障碍患者父母教养方式及情绪调节策略调查研究  

A study on parenting style and emotion regulation strategy in young and middle-aged female outpatients with anxiety disorder

作　　者：王晓轩 许晓静 徐琼[1,2] 张钰成 WANG Xiaoxuan;XU Xiaojing;XU Qiong(Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Jingzhou 434000, China)

机构地区：[1]荆州市精神卫生中心,湖北荆州434000 [2]长江大学精神卫生研究所

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2021年第5期427-431,共5页Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：湖北省卫生计生委2019-2020科研项目(编号:WJ2019F130)。

摘　　要：目的调查焦虑障碍在精神科门诊中青年女性患者的检出率,探讨父母教养方式及情绪调节策略对焦虑水平的影响。方法选取门诊就诊的焦虑障碍患者,就诊前使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、父母教养方式量表(PBI)、情绪调节策略量表(ERQ)在线问卷调查,对采集到的父母教养方式和情绪调节策略的数据和女性焦虑水平进行相关分析。结果SAS女性标准分高于中青年男性(P<0.01);ERQ女性认知重评、表达抑制维度总分均低于男性(P<0.05);PBI女性母亲关爱、父亲鼓励维度低于男性(P<0.05),母亲控制、父亲控制高于男性(P<0.05)。焦虑障碍在门诊中青年女性就诊患者中检出率为52.93%。有焦虑组ERQ认知重评维度总分低于无焦虑组(P<0.01),表达抑制维度总分高于无焦虑组(P<0.01)。有焦虑组PBI母亲关爱、父亲关爱、母亲鼓励、父亲鼓励维度均低于无焦虑组(P<0.01),母亲控制、父亲控制维度均高于无焦虑组(P<0.01)。女性SAS标准分与ERQ认知重评呈负相关(P<0.01),与表达抑制呈正相关(P<0.01);与PBI母亲关爱、父亲关爱、母亲鼓励、父亲鼓励均呈负相关(P<0.01),与母亲控制和父亲控制均呈正相关(P<0.01)。女性ERQ认知重评维度与PBI母亲控制和父亲控制均呈负相关(P<0.05);表达抑制维度与PBI母亲关爱、父亲关爱、母亲鼓励、父亲鼓励均呈负相关(P<0.01)。回归分析结果显示,ERQ认知重评、表达抑制和PBI母亲关爱、父亲控制是影响女性患者出现焦虑的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论父母教养方式和情绪调节策略对女性焦虑水平有重要的预测意义,父母应当为个体心理成长创造良好的教养环境。Objective To investigate the detection rate of anxiety disorder in young and middle-aged female outpatients and to explore the influences of parenting style and emotion regulation strategy on anxiety level.Methods Outpatients with anxiety disorder were selected and assessed with Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI),Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ)online before seeing doctors.Correlations between parenting style,emotion regulation strategy and anxiety levels were conducted.Results The standard score of SAS in young and middle-aged female outpatients was significantly higher than that in males(P<0.01).The dimension scores of cognitive reassessment and expression inhibition of ERQ in females were significantly lower than those in males(P<0.05).The dimension scores of mothers’care and fathers’encouragement of PBI in females were significantly lower than those in males(P<0.05),and the dimension scores of mothers’control and fathers’control in females were significantly higher than those in males(P<0.05).The detection rate of anxiety disorder in young and middle-aged female outpatients was 52.93%.Female patients with anxiety showed lower dimension scores of cognitive reassessment of ERQ,mothers’care,fathers’care,mothers’encouragement,fathers’encouragement of PBI and higher dimension scores of expression inhibition of ERQ,mothers’control and fathers’control of PBI than female patients without anxiety(P<0.01).The standard score of SAS in females was negatively correlated with cognitive reassessment dimension score of ERQ,and dimension scores of mothers’care,fathers’care,mothers’encouragement,fathers’encouragement of PBI(P<0.01);and positively correlated with expression inhibition dimension score of ERQ,and dimension scores of mothers’control and fathers’control of PBI(P<0.01).Cognitive reassessment dimension score of ERQ was negatively correlated with mothers’control and fathers’control of PBI(P<0.05);expression inhibition dimension score of ERQ was nega

关 键 词：中青年女性 焦虑障碍 父母教养方式 情绪调节策略 

分 类 号：R749.72[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]