政策传导视角下小微企业划型问题研究  

Research on the Classification of SMEs from the Perspective of PolicyTransmission

作　　者：李建伟[1] 高磊[1] Li Jianwei;Gao lei

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行天津分行,天津300040

出　　处：《西南金融》2021年第11期17-28,共12页Southwest Finance

摘　　要：科学、清晰、高效地对小微企业进行划型界定,是精准实施小微企业扶持政策的基础。目前我国小微企业划型有不同话语表述和口径范围,对数据统计和政策执行造成一定困扰。本文从政策传导视角研究讨论了小微企业划型界定问题。研究发现:从政策逻辑来说,对小微企业进行划型界定,是解决市场失灵问题、追求社会福祉最大化和践行以人民为中心发展理念的需要;相较美国和欧盟小微企业划型标准,我国小微企业划型存在划型标准和方法有待完善、划型政策口径过多以及划型主体不明确、划型责任落空等问题。据此,本文从完善小微企业划型标准和方法、优化小微企业扶持政策口径设计以及理顺政策口径与划型标准的关系、改进划型程序和责任追究机制四个方面提出改进小微企业划型的政策建议。Scientific,clear and efficient classification of small and micro enterprises(SMEs)is the basis for accurate implementation of SMEs support policies.At present,the classification of SMEs in China has different discourse expressions,causing some problems to data statistics and policy implementation.This article explores and discusses the classification of SMEs from the perspective of policy transmission.From the perspective of policy logic,the classification of SMEs is necessary to solve the problem of market failure,pursue the maximization of social well-being,and implement the concept of people-centered development;compared with the United States and the European Union's SMEs classification standards,China's classification of SMEs has problems including the classification standards and methods should be improved,too many discourse expressions,the unclear subject of the classification,and the failure of the responsibility of the classification.Accordingly,this article proposes policy recommendations to improve the classification of SMEs from four aspects:improving the standards and methods of the classification,optimizing the design of the expressions of supporting policies,clarifying the relationship between policy expressions and classification standards,and improving the classification procedures and accountability mechanisms.

关 键 词：小微企业划型 划型标准 金融资源配置 市场失灵 市场竞争 小微企业融资 小微企业政策 金融支持小微企业 

分 类 号：F276.3[经济管理—企业管理]