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作 者:路涛 余宏军[1] 艾爽[1] 李强[1] 蒋卫杰[1] LU Tao;YU Hongjun;AI Shuang;LI Qiang;JIANG Weijie(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
机构地区:[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081
出 处:《中国蔬菜》2021年第12期67-72,共6页China Vegetables
基 金:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0118500,2019YFD1001901);大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23);北京市科委项目(Z181100009618033)。
摘 要:在水培系统中,营养液温度对作物生长至关重要,越夏蔬菜生产过程中常发生营养液温度过高而影响生产的问题。本试验以3个普通白菜品种夏绿2号、金品1夏和京冠1号F_(1)为试材,利用冰和蓄冷剂2种不同降温材料,通过3种方式对营养液进行降温处理(T1,保温被+3 L蓄冷剂;T2,保温被+5 L蓄冷剂;T3,保温被+5 L冰块),研究不同营养液降温方式对设施越夏水培普通白菜生长和产量的影响。结果表明:在营养液快速升温初期将3 L蓄冷剂或5 L冰块加入外包保温被的营养液桶中,营养液温度可以降低3~5℃,且维持适宜根际温度5 h左右,对普通白菜生长、干物质累积、产量具有明显促进作用;而保温被+5 L蓄冷剂处理的营养液温度由于降幅过大,导致地上部和地下部温差过大,反而不利于普通白菜生长。综上,采用保温被+3 L蓄冷剂、保温被+5 L冰块两种降温技术应用于越夏水培营养液温度调控效果较好。The nutrient solution temperature is of great importance for crop growth in the hydroponic culture system.The excess temperature of nutrient solution often occurs during the production of over-summer vegetables.This is an issue that will influence production.Taking 3 common pakchoi varieties‘Xialyu No.2’‘Jinpin 1 xia’and‘Jingguan No.1 F_(1)’as test materials,this experiment conducted cooling process on nutrient solution by 2 different cooling materials:ice and ice gel,and studied the effects of different cooling methods on growth and yield of facility and hydroponic cultured common pakchoi over summer by 3 ways(T1,heat preservation quilt+3 L ice gel;T2,heat preservation quilt+5 L ice gel;T3,heat preservation+5 L ice cubes).The results showed that when 3 L ice gel or 5 L ice cubes were added into the nutrient solution barrel wrapped with heat preservation quilt at the initial stage of rapid temperature rising of nutrient solution,the temperature of nutrient solution could be reduced by 3-5℃and suitable rhizosphere temperature could be maintained about 5 h,which obviously could promote the growth,dry matter accumulation and yield of common pakchoi.While,the treatment of heat preservation quilt+5 L ice gel would drop temperature of nutrient solution too much,resulting in too big temperature difference between above ground and underground,being unfavorable for common pakchoi growth.To sum up,2 droping-temperature techniques including heat preservation quilt+3 L ice gel and heat preservation quilt+5 L ice cubes,were very effective in regulating temperature of nutrient solution in hydroponic culture over summer.
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