技术解决主义并非灵丹妙药  

Technosolutionism isn’t the fix

作　　者：克里斯蒂·罗森 吴万伟(译)[2] Christine Rosen(The Institute for Advanced Studiesin Culture,University of Virginia,Charlottesville,VA 22903,USA)

机构地区：[1]弗吉尼亚大学文化高级研究院,美国弗吉尼亚夏洛茨维尔VA 22903 [2]武汉科技大学外国语学院,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《武汉科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期194-199,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：技术解决主义是一种理解世界的方式,它将使用工程技术的方法解决人类问题作为优先选择。他们认为一个应用程序、一台机器、一个软件编程或一种算法能够提供解决任何复杂问题的最好办法。在出现公共安全或公共卫生危机的时候,技术解决主义者在匆忙拥抱立竿见影的技术性应急措施之时,往往忽略了可能造成的长期影响和意外后果。技术解决主义在教育领域的复兴同样令人担忧。随着新冠疫情扩大和全国各地学校关门,美国开始大规模远程学习实验或在线学习模式,一些应急措施有转变为常态的趋势。在政治两极化、社会动荡和公共健康危机越来越严重的时刻,技术解决主义的吸引力可以理解。在不确定性盛行时,技术解决主义对复杂问题提供了富有效率的回应,同时省略了棘手的伦理学、政治和正义问题。但是,拥抱监督和技术解决主义的文化是放弃信任的文化,如果我们推崇利用信任优势来重建社会的途径,那么询问“为什么”的问题就是首要的和最重要的步骤。Technosolutionism is a way of understanding the world that assigns priority to engineered solutions to human problems.They think that an app, a machine, a software program, or an algorithm offers the best solution to any complicated problem.In a crisis of public health or public safety, the technosolutionists often ignore likely long-term effects and unintended consequences in the rush to embrace immediate technological fixes. The rise of technosolutionism in education is also something to worry about-as the pandemic spread, Americans found themselves caught up in a large-scale experiment in distance learning or online learning models, replacing classroom instruction with Zoom lessons. There is the tendency to normalize the temporary measures in emergencies. The appeal of technosolutionism is understandable, particularly in a time of increased political polarization, social unrest, and, now, a public health crisis. It offers efficient responses to complex problems while eliding thorny questions of ethics, politics, or justice. However, a culture that embraces surveillance and technosolutionism is one that has abandoned trust. If we value an approach that draws on the strength of that trust to rebuild, then asking those “whys” is the first and most important step.

关 键 词：技术解决主义 公共卫生危机 新冠疫情 远程教育 应急措施 监督 信任 

分 类 号：D035-3[政治法律—政治学]