基于“三生”功能的喀斯特山区农村居民点整治类型划分——以七星关区为例  

Classification of Consolidation Type of Rural Settlements in Karst Mountainous Areas Based on“Production-Living-Ecological”Functions:Taking Qixingguan District as an Example

作　　者：杨丹丽 孙建伟 张勇 罗静 赵宇鸾[1] 张继[3] 无 YANG Danli;SUN Jianwei;ZHANG Yong;LUO Jing;ZHAO Yuluan;ZHANG Ji;无(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Bijie Municipal People’s Government Office,Bijie 551700,China;Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis&Simulation of Hubei Province,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]毕节市人民政府办公室,贵州毕节551700 [3]华中师范大学,地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [4]重庆市气象科学研究所,重庆401147

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2021年第11期80-89,共10页China Land Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41961031,41901201,41871182);贵州师范大学资助博士科研项目(GZNUD[2018]21号);贵州师范大学2019年度学术新苗培养及创新探索专项项目。

摘　　要：研究目的:依据农村居民点及其“三生”功能空间分布特征,科学划分农村居民点不同整治类型区,为乡村人居环境整治与振兴提供依据。研究方法:从生活功能、生产功能、生态功能3个维度构建农村居民点整治类型划分指标体系,借助核密度分析、Moran’s I指数、热点分析厘清农村居民点及其“三生”功能空间分布特征,运用SOFM神经网络方法实现农村居民点整治类型划分。研究结果:(1)七星关区农村居民点空间分异特征显著,总体呈“大散居、小聚居”特征;(2)七星关区农村居民点生活功能、生产功能、生态功能空间集聚特征存在显著正相关关系,空间分异分别呈现“圈层式”、“阶梯式”和“分散+连片不规则”特征;(3)七星关区农村居民点划分为城镇融合型、城郊引导型、功能强化型、功能转化型4个整治类型,并依据功能导向提出不同整治策略。研究结论:乡村整治应综合考虑农村居民点的生活、生产、生态功能特征,分类促进喀斯特山区乡村健康发展。The purposes of this study are to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and their“production-living-ecological”functions,to divide rural settlements into different consolidation types and to provide the scientific support for rural revitalization and improvement of living environment.The research methods are as follows.A classification index system of consolidation of rural settlements is built from the three dimensions,namely production,living and ecological functions,by using the nuclear density analysis,Moran’s I index and hot spot analysis to clarify the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and their functions,and the classification of consolidation types of rural settlements were proposed based on SOFM neural network method.The result shows that:1)the rural settlements in Qixingguan District have significant spatial differences,and the overall pattern can be described as the settlements scattered at a macro scale,but concentrated at a micro scale.2)There is a significant positive correlation between the spatial agglomeration characteristics of living,production and ecological functions in rural areas in Qixingguan District,and the spatial distribution of living,production and ecological functions presents circle,stepped,and irregularity patterns,respectively.3)The rural settlements in Qixingguan District can be divided into four consolidation types,including suburban integration,suburban guidance,functional enhancement and functional transformation.According to the functional orientation,the different consolidation strategies of rural settlements are proposed.In conclusion,rural consolidation should comprehensively consider the characteristics of living,production and ecological functions of rural settlements,and promote healthy development of rural areas in Karst Mountainous Areas consistent with the different classifications.

关 键 词：“三生”功能 农村居民点 整治类型 喀斯特 SOFM神经网络 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]