基于声音监测的鄱阳湖典型湿地鸟类多样性及对人类活动的响应  

Bird Diversity and Its Response to Human Activities in Typical Wetland of Poyang Lake Based on Soundscape Monitoring

作　　者：游海林[1] 吴永明[1] 徐力刚[2] 刘丽贞[1] 姚忠[1] 辛在军[1] YOU Hai-lin;WU Yong-ming;XU Li-gang;LIU Li-zhen;YAO Zhong;XIN Zai-jun(Poyang Lake Research Centre,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330096,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院鄱阳湖研究中心,江西南昌330096 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《环境监测管理与技术》2021年第6期14-18,共5页The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31860119,41661018);江西省青年学科带头人培养基金资助项目(20204BCJL23040);国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2018YFE0206400);江西省重点研发计划基金资助项目(20192BBGL70042,20181BBG70036);江西省科学院对外合作基金资助项目(2020-YZD-26);江西省中央引导地方科技发展专项基金资助项目(20192ZDD01001)。

摘　　要：在鄱阳湖典型人控湖汊芳兰湖湿地选取人类活动差异性较大的两个区域分别设置鸟类声音监测点,利用声音采集仪器Song Meter SM4收集长时间序列的鸟类声音数据,基于声音处理程序包将声音数据转化为具有生态学信息的声学指标,用以表征鸟类多样性特征,并定量分析鸟类多样性与人类活动之间的关联性程度。结果表明:鸟类声音数据为WAV格式的音频文件,文件名称由仪器编号、监测日期和监测时间组成。在监测期间同一时间监测点1(人类活动较弱区域)对应的声学指标ACI、ADI、AEI和NP的指数值均高于监测点2(人类活动较强区域)对应的声学指标值。监测点1的NDSI与ACI、ADI呈极显著正相关,与AEI、NP呈极显著负相关;监测点2的NDSI与ACI呈极显著正相关,与AEI、NP呈极显著负相关。This study set up bird sound monitoring sites in two areas with great differences in human activities in typical human controlled Fanglan Lake wetland of Poyang Lake,collected long time series of bird sound data by a sound acquisition instrument Song Meter SM4,and converted sound data into acoustic indexes with ecological information based on sound processing packages,so as to characterize bird diversity and quantitatively analyze the relevance between bird diversity and human activities.The results showed that the bird sound data was an audio file in WAV format.The file name consisted of instrument number,monitoring date and monitoring time.At the same time during the monitoring period,the values of ACI,ADI,AEI and NP of monitoring site 1(area with weak human activities)were all higher than those of monitoring site 2(area with strong human activities).The NDSI of monitoring site 1 had a very significant positive correlation with ACI and ADI,and a very significant negative correlation with AEI and NP.The NDSI of monitoring site 2 had a very significant positive correlation with ACI,and a very significant negative correlation with AEI and NP.

关 键 词：鸟类多样性 鸟类声音监测 声学指标 芳兰湖湿地 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：X121[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X503.224