杏鲍菇菌糠饲料的发酵工艺及其在山羊日粮中的应用研究  

Study on the fermentation process of Pleurotus eryngii residue and its application in goat feed

作　　者：李涛 欧阳香 李成舰 曾昭英 王雄 屈金涛 黄磊 李江 LI Tao;OUYANG Xiang;LI Chengjian;ZENG Zhaoying;WANG Xiong;QU Jintao;HUANG Lei;LI Jiang(School of Pharmacy,Shaoyang University,Shaoyang 422000,China;Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Southwest Hunan,Shaoyang 422000,China;Hunan Baodong Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shaoyang 422002,China;Chengbu Shanmu Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Shaoyang 422500,China;Shaoyang Taiyang Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shaoyang 422000,China)

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院药学院,湖南邵阳422000 [2]湘西南中药开发利用湖南省工程研究中心,湖南邵阳422000 [3]湖南宝东农牧科技股份有限公司,湖南邵阳422002 [4]城步羴牧牧业有限公司,湖南邵阳422500 [5]邵阳市太阳农业发展有限公司,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《邵阳学院学报（自然科学版）》2021年第6期71-77,共7页Journal of Shaoyang University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展项目(2020ZYQ013);湘西南中药开发利用湖南省工程研究中心开放课题(2021C03)。

摘　　要：目的研究杏鲍菇菌糠最佳发酵工艺条件及其在山羊日粮中的应用。采用正交设计,考察发酵时间、发酵温度、含水量及微生物接种量对杏鲍菇菌糠发酵后营养价值的影响,优选最佳的发酵工艺。方法选取平均体重为23 kg的山羊30只,随机分为5组,包括1个对照组和4个试验组,每组6只重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,各个试验组的基础日粮含20%,30%,40%和50%的发酵菌糠,试验期为42 d,考察发酵的杏鲍菇菌糠替代部分基础日粮对山羊生长性能与瘤胃消化的影响。结果混菌发酵的最佳工艺条件如下:菌种接种量为6%,发酵时间为6 d,含水量为60%,接种量为6%,发酵温度为30℃。在此条件下,杏鲍菇菌糠中粗蛋白提高到14.75%,粗纤维降低至22.47%。动物实验中,添加发酵菌糠替代基础日粮各组对山羊的生长性能、瘤胃消化率均无显著差异,实际生产中可以添加40%发酵杏鲍菇菌糠替代山羊的基础日粮。结论杏鲍菇菌糠发酵工艺条件如下:发酵时间为6 d,菌种接种量为6%,含水量为60%,发酵温度为30℃。发酵后的杏鲍菇菌糠可以替代40%的山羊基础日粮。Objective The purpose of this experiment was to study the optimal fermentation conditions of mixed culture fermentation of Pleurotus eryngii residue and its application in goat diet.On the basis of previous research,an orthogonal design was used for this experiment;time,temperature,water content and microbial inoculation were considered to improve nutritional value of the Pleurotus eryngii and optimized process by orthogonal experiments.Methods Thirty healthy adult goats at average weight of 23 kg were randomly divided into five groups with 6 goats each.Each group was received one of the following diets respectively for 42 days;basal diet(control),basal diet contained 20%,30%,40%,50% of fermented Pleurotus eryngii,the effects of fermented Pleurotus eryngii bran on the growth performance and rumen digestion of goats were investigated.Results The optimum fermentation conditions are 6 days fermentation time,6% inoculation amount,60% water content,and 30℃ fermentation temperature,the crude protein of Pleurotus eryngii bran are increased to 14.75% and the crude fiber are decreased to 22.47% under these conditions.In animal experiments,there is no significant difference in growth performance and rumen digestibility between groups of the animals.Conclusion The nutritive value of Pleurotus eryngii bran are improved by optimizing fermentation conditions,and it is recommended to add 40% fermented Pleurotus eryngii bran to replace the basic feed in diet of goats.

关 键 词：杏鲍菇菌糠 发酵工艺 山羊 生长性能 瘤胃消化 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]