典型铅锌矿区耕地土壤团聚体重金属含量与农作物含量相关性及其风险评价  

Relationship Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents in Soil Aggregates and in Crops Around a Typical Pb-Zn Mining Area

作　　者：强瑀 李英菊 罗谦 陈美凤 李海燕 黄先飞[1] 秦樊鑫 QIANG Yu;LI Ying-ju;LUO Qian;CHEN Mei-feng;LI Hai-yan;HUANG Xian-fei;QIN Fan-xin(Guizhou Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Developmental Regulation,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025 [3]贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第12期5967-5976,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21467005)。

摘　　要：土壤团聚体重金属对生态环境产生的危害不容忽视.为考察农作物与土壤团聚体重金属之间的相关性及可能产生的风险,以贵州都匀马坡铅锌矿段菜园河铅锌矿区农作物为例,研究土壤团聚体重金属的分布状况和农作物对土壤团聚体重金属的富集特征.采用Pearson相关性分析农作物与耕地土壤不同粒径团聚体重金属之间的关系,同时分别采用生态危害指数(RI)法和危险商值(HQ)法研究不同粒径土壤团聚体重金属污染物的生态风险和农作物重金属对人群的健康风险.结果表明:①土壤团聚体Cd含量随粒径减小而逐渐增加,而Pb和Zn含量在不同粒径团聚体中表现为:0.25~0.5 mm>0.053~0.25 mm>0.5~1 mm>2 mm>0.053 mm;②叶菜类、果菜类和籽粒类农作物对土壤重金属的富集能力大小均为:Cd>Zn>Pb;③Pearson相关性分析表明籽粒类可富集各粒径团聚体中的Pb并转移到籽实中,籽粒类中的Zn主要来源于粒径>1 mm的团聚体,而且各种农作物同时富集土壤团聚体多种重金属可产生拮抗作用;④土壤团聚体粒径越小总潜在生态风险越大,相同粒径土壤团聚体重金属生态风险的大小顺序为:Cd>Pb>Zn,而且研究区中叶菜类和果菜类农作物中Pb对儿童健康风险极高.The threat that heavy metals in soil aggregates pose to the ecological environment is an issue that should not be neglected.In order to determine the relationship between heavy metals in soil aggregates and those in crops,and to study the potential risk of heavy metals in soil aggregates,a portion of arable land in the Caiyuanhe lead-zinc mining area,which belongs to the section of Mapo lead-zinc mining in Duyun City,Guizhou province,was selected as the study area.The soil sample was collected from the cultivated layer(0-20 cm),and all crops were classified as leaf crops,fruit crops,and grain crops.The various sizes of soil aggregates sieved were>2,1-2,0.5-1,0.25-0.5,0.053-0.25,and<0.053 mm.The contents of cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),and zinc(Zn)in different soil aggregates,the accumulation characteristics of these metals by crops,and the Pearson correlation between these metals in soil aggregates and crops were studied and discussed.The ecological risk of heavy metals in different sized aggregates and the health risk of heavy metals in crops were assessed via the potential ecological risk index(RI)and the hazardous quotient(HQ),respectively.The results showed that:①the contents of Cd increased with the increase in soil aggregate size,and the concentrations of Pb and Zn in different aggregates followed the order of 0.25-0.5 mm>0.53-0.25 mm>0.5-1 mm>2 mm>0.053 mm;②the enrichment capacity of all the crops included in the study was Cd>Zn>Pb;③the Pearson correlation analysis suggested that grain crops could enrich and transfer Pb in soil aggregates of different size,and the Zn in grains mainly originated from soil aggregates with a size of>1 mm;④it was also found that soil aggregates of a smaller size presented a greater total potential ecological risk.The order of ecological risk of heavy metals in soil aggregates of the same size was Cd>Pb>Zn.Moreover,the Pb in leaf crops and fruit crops poses a great health risk to children in the study area.

关 键 词：铅锌矿区 土壤团聚体 农作物 重金属 风险评价 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]