镀锌钢GMAW焊缝成形特征与焊枪方向同步实时检测  

Synchronous real-time detection of weld bead geometry and the welding torch in galvanized steel GAMW

作　　者：肖文波[1] 何银水[2] 袁海涛 马国红 XIAO Wenbo;HE Yinshui;YUAN Haitao;MA Guohong(Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing,Ministry of Education,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang,330063,China;Nanchang University,Nanchang,330031,China;Key Laboratory of Lightweight and High Strength Structural Materials of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang,330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学,无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063 [2]南昌大学,南昌330031 [3]江西省轻质高强结构材料重点实验室,南昌330031

出　　处：《焊接学报》2021年第12期78-82,I0005,共6页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12064027);南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室开放基金项目资助(EW201980090);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ209309)。

摘　　要：针对基于激光视觉传感的镀锌钢薄板搭接GMAW特点,提出了一种搭接接头焊缝成形全位置特征与焊枪方向同步实时检测方法.该方法利用激光视觉系统同步检测焊缝与焊丝信息,采用尺度不变特征变换与方向特征检测算法,同步实时获取焊缝轮廓与焊丝方向;采用Harris角点检测算法实现焊缝轮廓特征点识别;针对接头焊缝面积偏小的特点,采用线性插值方法实现了焊缝高度与宽度的全位置、焊缝面积的亚像素级测量,并基于零、一阶矩实现了焊缝重心检测.结果表明,该算法适应性强、测精度高,为基于焊枪姿态和焊接过程参数优化在线控制焊缝成形提供了依据.This paper presented a method to synchronously detect all-position weld bead geometry and the welding torch in lap joint GMAW with galvanized sheets,in which laser vision sensing was used.In this method a laser was used to simultaneously detect the weld bead and the welding torch,and the scale-invariant feature transform algorithm and orientation feature detection algorithm were used to extract the weld profile as well as the welding torch.The feature points of the profile were identified with the Harris corner detection algorithm.Since the weld area is relatively small,a sub pixel level measurement method was proposed to obtain the allposition bead height,width and area.The Weld center of gravity was detected with the zero and first moment.Experimental results showed the strong adaptability and high accuracy of that this proposed method.It provides the possibility of adjusting the attitude of the welding torch and welding process parameters to control weld formation online.

关 键 词：焊缝成形特征 焊枪 全位置视觉测量 搭接接头 镀锌钢 

分 类 号：TG409[金属学及工艺—焊接]