广州帽峰山森林生态系统的暴雨及 PAHs、TOC 的地球化学特征  

The Geochemical Characteristics of Rainstorm PAHs and TOC of the Forest Ecosystem in Maofeng Mountain of Guangzhou,China

作　　者：陈步峰[1] 肖以华[1] 王莘仪 CHEN Bufeng;XIAO Yihua;WANG Xinyi(Research Institute of Tropical Forest,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2021年第10期2042-2053,共12页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770492);国家林业局科技创心平台运行补助(2018LYPT-DW-135);广州市林业与园林局“广州城市森林生态效益监测与分析、研究(2017-2019)”。

摘　　要：针对城市遭遇暴雨易发内涝性灾害的影响,为了系统地揭示城市森林消减暴雨径流、储滤暴雨中PAHs、TOC的生态效益,采用了森林小集水区水文要素的定位观测与对比试验方法,连续4年(2018—2021年)开展了广州市帽峰山常绿阔叶林、针阔叶混交林生态系统的暴雨水文循环及对PAHs、TOC的地球化学影响研究。结果表明,常绿阔叶林、针阔叶林生态系统可分别储滤暴雨中Σ16PAHs总的质量浓度25.6%—29.6%、TOC质量浓度的15.8%;林冠层淋溶平均增加其在林内雨质量浓度的8.1%、40.3%,两类森林土壤的0—30 cm层较其以下层对暴雨林内雨中Σ16PAHs总质量浓度的储率分别小13.3%和15.3%、而TOC质量浓度的储率上则分别大7.6%和15.2%。常绿阔叶林、针阔叶林生态系统的总径流中FLT、BbF、BkF、BaP、IcdP、BghiP质量浓度较暴雨相应减小分别在10.5%—38.7%和2.5%—51.4%间,其中BbF、BaP质量浓度的减小率大于30%,而FLT、BkF减小率大于20%;林冠层淋溶相对增加了林内雨6组分质量浓度在6.9%(BbF)—39.8%(BaP)间,两类森林土壤的0—30 cm层分别储滤暴雨林内雨中相应质量浓度的范围在15.5%(BbF)—36.7%(BghiP)和1.4%(IcdP)—38.8%(BghiP)间、而土壤30 cm以下层则对BaP、BkF的质量浓度储率较高;森林生态系统的暴雨总径流与暴雨中10种PAHs的质量浓度对比,两类森林的系统储率(除DahA均9.5%)分别在16.2%—55.5%和17.6%—48.1%之间,其中CHR、ANY、ANT、FLU、ANA、NAP的储率均大于30%;林冠层对暴雨中NAP、ANA、ANT、ANY的质量浓度消减在25.0%—15.9%间;两类森林土壤深30 cm的渗透水中NAP、ANA、ANT、ANY、FLU及CHR(阔叶林)、PHE(针阔林)的质量浓度相对林内雨呈增加,但这些组分在土壤30 cm以下层渗漏至总径流中被显著储存(相对储存率在73.7%—34.6%间)。依据林区多暴雨、少暴雨年的森林水文循环通量计,常绿阔叶林、针阔叶混交林生态系统分别年均暂储暴�This study explores the hydrological cycle and geochemical influence on the rainstorm,PAHs and TOC in the different forest ecosystems by conducting the locational observation as well as a comparative experiment of the small catchment from 2018 to 2021 year,which aims to reveal the eco-hydrological efficiency of the urban forest to a rainstorm,PAHs and TOC.The results showed that the average store rate to the rainstormΣ16PAHs and TOC mass concentration was 27.7 and 15.8 percent respectively for the evergreen broad−leaved forests and coniferous broad-leaved forest ecosystems in Maofeng mountain,Guangzhou.The forest crown layer increased the corresponding net rainfall mass concentration inside the forest by 8.1%and 40.3%respectively,while the store rate on rainstorm Σ16PAHs concentration in the 30 cm layer of soil in regard to the two-type forest was 13.3%and 15.3%smaller than that in soil lower layer,and 7.6%and 15.2%greater store rate that of the TOC concentration,respectively.The mass concentrations of FLT,BbF,BkF,BaP,IcdP,and BghiP in the total runoff for the evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous broad−leaved forest ecosystems were correspondingly reduced by 10.5%−38.7%and 2.5%−51.4%respectively compared with heavy rain.Among them,the concentration reduction rate of BbF and BaP was greater than 30%and FLT and BkF were greater than 20%;The leaching of the forest canopy relatively increased the concentration of 6 components of rainfall inside the forest range from 6.9%(BbF)to 39.8%(BaP).The 30 cm layer of the two types of forest soils reduced the concentration of the rainfall inside the forest range from 15.5%(BbF)to 36.7%(BghiP)and 1.4%(IcdP)to 38.8%(BghiP),respectively.The soil layer below 30 cm had a higher storage effect on the mass concentration of BaP and BkF in rainstorm forests.The system storage rates of the two types of forests(except for DahA was 9.5%)were between 16.2%−55.5%and 17.6%−48.1%,respectively,based on the comparison with the mass concentration of 10 kinds PAHs in rainstor

关 键 词：城市森林生态系统 暴雨水文循环 地球化学影响 暴雨及PAHs、TOC储滤 界面层效应 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]