限度与进路:法院判决高校授予学位何以可能  

Limits and Approaches:Do Courts Have the Judicial Power to Rule Whether Universities Should Grant Degrees

作　　者：康韩笑 祁占勇[2] KANG Han-xiao;QI Zhan-yong(Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学院,陕西西安710062 [2]陕西师范大学,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《黑龙江高教研究》2021年第12期48-54,共7页Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“高校学位授予行为的司法审查限度研究”(编号:2019TS050)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：法院判决学校变更行政行为,是司法权对行政权的干预和监督。从权源上看,学位获得权是学生的基本权利,学位授予权是学校的行政权力,当权利受到不当权力侵害时,法院可以发挥能动的司法权力对其进行救济。国内外司法实务中都有因行政行为“明显不当”而法院变更行政行为的案例。当然,在司法权力介入行政权力时,法院仍需保持谦抑、谨慎的态度,在审查纪律处分“明显不当”时需遵循满足要件和合乎比例的原则,在审查学术规范“明显不当”时需以机构未履行公认学术专业判断为基准,在审查程序性“明显不当”时需明确程序违法的具体情节,从而为法院处理学位纠纷事务提供法治思路。The court’s decision to change the administrative act of a school is to exercise the intervention and supervision of the judicial power over the administrative power.From the source of power,the right to obtain a degree is the students’essential right,and the right to confer a degree is the administrative power of a school.When the right is infringed by improper power,the court can play its active judicial power to remedy it.In the judicial practice at home and abroad,there have been cases in which the administrative act is obviously improper and the court changes the administrative action.Of course,when judicial power intervenes in administrative power,the court still needs to maintain a modest and cautious attitude.When the review of disciplinary action is obviously inappropriate,it needs to follow the principle of meeting the requirements and proportionality.When reviewing academic norms is obviously inappropriate,it is necessary to take the institution’s failure to perform the recognized academic professional judgment as the basis,and the procedural nature of the review is obviously improper,and the specific circumstances of procedural violation should be clarified.Based on this,it provides a way of thinking for the court to deal with the degree dispute.

关 键 词：学位授予 学位纠纷 变更判决 司法判例 行政行为 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]