以燃烧机理为切入点设计煤的发热量测定教学实验  

Teaching Experiment of Determination of Calorific Value of Coal from the Analysis of Mechanism of Coal Combustion as the Entrying Point

作　　者：杨锐明[1] 李辉[1] 王哲[1] YANG Ruiming;LI Hui;WANG Zhe(National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics,Key Laboratory for Thermal Sciences and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education,Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学动力工程及工程热物理国家级实验教学示范中心,热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,能源与动力工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2021年第11期215-218,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

摘　　要：在煤的发热量测定教学实验中,越来越多地使用自动氧弹量热仪进行测定,实验内容简单空洞。尝试从煤在氧化性气氛下燃烧以后,硫氧化物和氮氧化物的生成机理以及它们最终生成硫酸和硝酸带来的热效应的计算作为切入点设计实验教学内容,使学生更深入地理解氧弹量热仪的工作原理,推导出仪器测定的弹筒发热量与高位发热量的关系,弹筒发热量与酸校正的关系,酸校正经验公式与燃烧过程之间的关系以及为什么需要进行冷却校正。这种尝试丰富了实验课内容,可以更好地解释实验数据,进而更好地理解课程内容,具有很好的教学效果。In the teaching experiment of determination of calorific value of coal,automatic bomb calorimeter is used more and more.The experimental content is simple and empty.It tries to explain the generation mechanism of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from the coal burning in an oxidizing atmosphere,they eventually become sulfuric acid and nitric acid,and the calculation of the thermal effect brought by their generation are discussed and as an entrying point designing experimental content,so that students can more deeply understand the principle of bomb calorimeter,then derived to determine the relationship between bomb calorific value and gross calorific value,the relationship between bomb calorific value and acid correction,the relationship between the acid correction empirical formula and the combustion process,and why cooling correction is required.This attempt has a good teaching effect because it enriches the experimental course content,explains the experimental data better,and then understands the course content better.

关 键 词：教学实验 煤 发热量测定 氧弹量热仪 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]