凿岩机瞬态冲击动力特性分析  

Analysis of transient impact dynamic characteristics of rock drill

作　　者：丁问司[1] 卿涛 DING Wensi;QING Tao(School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510641

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第23期1-8,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11272122)。

摘　　要：为研究凿岩机冲击部件瞬态冲击动力特性,以弹性体一维振动瞬态应力波传播理论为基础,将冲击碰撞问题转化为具有初始速度及内部应力波的振动响应问题并建立理论模型。利用瞬态波函数特征值展开法求解冲击过程中各冲击部件的瞬态响应函数,获得冲击分离过程钎杆内部应力波传播特性。通过试验结果与数值计算结果的对比,验证了理论分析所获得的瞬态响应函数的正确性。通过改变钎杆直径、钎杆长度以及冲击活塞速度得出了诸因素对凿岩机撞击力、钎杆能量利用率等工作特性的影响。实际工作中可以根据不同的工况合理地选择冲击部件。研究结果为优化凿岩机工作能力提供了理论依据和参考。Here,to study transient impact dynamic characteristics of rock drill’s impact components,based on the 1-D elastic vibration transient stress wave propagation theory,an impact collision problem was converted into a vibration response problem with initial velocity and internal stress wave,and its dynamic model was established.The eigenvalue expansion method of transient wave function was used to solve the transient response function of each impact component in impact process,and obtain propagation characteristics of stress wave in drill rod in impact separation process.Through comparing test results with numerical calculation ones,the correctness of the transient response function obtained with theoretical analysis was verified.It was shown that by changing drill rod diameter,drill rod length and impact piston speed,effects of these factors on working characteristics of rock drill,such as,impact force and drill rod energy utilization rate can be obtained;in working practice,impact components can be selected reasonably under different working conditions;the study results can provide a theoretical basis and reference for optimizing working capacity of rock drill.

关 键 词：冲击振动 波动理论 冲击动力响应 凿岩机 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] O313.4[理学—一般力学与力学基础]