饲粮粗蛋白质水平对草原红牛呼吸代谢、养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Levels on Respiration Metabolism,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Steppe Red Cattle

作　　者：张相伦[1] 刘基伟[2] 赵红波[1] 王蕾[2] 刘晓牧[1] 游伟[1] 秦立红 赵玉民[2] 万发春[1,3] 张国梁 ZHANG Xianglun;LIU Jiwei;ZHAO Hongbo;WANG Lei;LIU Xiaomu;YOU Wei;QIN Lihong;ZHAO Yumin;WAN Fachun;ZHANG Guoliang(Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji’nan 250100,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling 136100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,济南250100 [2]吉林省农业科学院畜牧所,公主岭136100 [3]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第12期6833-6842,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2021A14);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501803);现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS⁃37);山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛产业创新团队(SDAIT⁃09⁃07)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨饲粮粗蛋白质水平对草原红牛呼吸代谢、养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响,以期为草原红牛饲养标准的制订提供参考。选用12头体重相近[(473.08±14.20)kg]、健康的草原红牛公牛,随机分为3组(每组4头),分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为8.00%(低蛋白质组)、10.00%(中蛋白质组)和12.00%(高蛋白质组)的饲粮。试验期20 d,包括预试期18 d和正试期2 d。正试期间采用"大型动物开放回流式呼吸测热装置"开展呼吸测热试验,采用全收粪尿法进行消化代谢试验,试验结束时公牛颈静脉采集血液分离血清待测。结果表明:1)低蛋白质组草原红牛甲烷产生量、氧气消耗量、二氧化碳产生量和产热量显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),且上述各指标随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而线性降低(P<0.05)。2)高蛋白质组草原红牛尿氮排泄量显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),低蛋白质组消化氮和沉积氮显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),且上述指标随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而线性升高(P<0.05)。饲粮粗蛋白质水平对草原红牛氮的表观消化率和表观代谢率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)草原红牛尿能排泄量有随饲粮粗蛋白水平的升高而呈升高的趋势(P=0.056)。低蛋白质组草原红牛甲烷能排出量、甲烷能排出量/总能值均显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),且二者随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而线性降低(P<0.05);各组其余能量代谢参数无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对各养分表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)高蛋白质组草原红牛血清尿素氮含量显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),且血清尿素氮含量随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而线性升高(P<0.05);各组其他血清生化指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合各项指标以中蛋白质组效果最佳,推荐450 kg左右草原红牛饲粮粗蛋白质水平以10.00%为宜,消化氮和消化能日供给量分别为110.61 g/d和102.21 MJ/d,沉积氮和代谢能日�This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein levels on respiration metabolism,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Steppe Red cattle and to provide reference for feeding standard formulation of Steppe Red cattle.A total of twelve healthy Steppe Red cattle with similar body weight of(473.08±14.20)kg were randomly allocated into three groups with four cattle each.Cattle was fed diets with crude protein level of 8.00%(low-protein group),10.00%(middle-protein group)and 12.00%(high-protein group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 20 days,including a pre-trial period for 18 days and a formal trial period for 2 days.During the formal trial period,an equipment of macrofauna open-reflux type with respiration and calorimetric function was used to carry out the respiratory calorimetry test,and the digestion and metabolism test was carried out by the total fecal and urine collection method.At the end of the trial,blood samples were collected from jugular vein of cattle to isolate serum for measurement.The results showed as follows:1)the methane production,oxygen consumption,carbon dioxide production and heat production of Steppe Red cattle in low-protein group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05),and all the indices above were increased linearly with the increase of dietary crude protein level(P<0.05).2)The urinary nitrogen excretion of Steppe Red cattle in high-protein group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups(P<0.05),while the digested nitrogen and deposited nitrogen in lowprotein group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.05),and all the indices above were increased linearly with the increase of dietary crude protein level(P<0.05).Dietary crude protein levels did not significantly affect the apparent digestibility and apparent metabolic rate of nitrogen of Steppe Red cattle(P>0.05).3)The urinary energy excretion of Steppe Red cattle tended to be increased linearly with the i

关 键 词：草原红牛 粗蛋白质 呼吸代谢 养分表观利用率 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]