土壤湿度模拟研究进展  

Recent Advances in Soil Wetness Simulation

作　　者：闫伟兄 李剑萍[1] 金燕[2] 张永霞 赵俊芳[4] Yan Weixiong;Li Jianping;Jin Yan;Zhang Yongxia;Zhao Junfang(Ningxia Institute of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions/Ningxia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Yinchuan 750002;Yunnan Climate Center,Kunming 650034;Ningxia Academy of Environmental Sciences Co.,LTD,Yinchuan 750004;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区气象科学研究所/中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室/宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,银川750002 [2]云南省气候中心,昆明650034 [3]宁夏环境科学研究院(有限责任公司),银川750004 [4]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2021年第6期14-20,共7页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BBF03009);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BBF03024);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03467);中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室开放研发基金(CAMF-202004)。

摘　　要：准确和高分辨率的土壤湿度数据是深入了解地气过程、研究生态环境演变、水文循环和气候变化,以及预测天气气候和评估水旱灾害等的基础性资料,受到多学科学者的广泛关注。近年来,全球土壤湿度观测计划及利用遥感反演和模式模拟具有高时空分辨率的土壤湿度得到长足发展,从最初的研究层面逐渐应用到实际业务中。简要介绍了模拟土壤湿度的主要陆面模式,以及陆面过程参数化方案比较计划(PILPS)和全球土壤湿度项目(GSWP)的相应结果;从数据同化算法和陆面同化系统两个方面介绍了国内外陆面数据同化系统模拟土壤湿度的进展;最后,归纳了土壤湿度验证的主要方法、验证指标和表现形式。文末从4个方面进行了展望:1)升级观测系统以获得高质量实地观测数据;2)研发高精度气象驱动数据和制备陆面参数以提升模式结果;3)增加地气系统的认识以完善模式物理过程;4)改进数据同化算法以最大限度鉴别和利用观测数据。Due to the fact that soil wetness plays an important role in the global hydrological cycle and climate system,it has been widely concerned.Accurate and high-resolution soil wetness data are the basic data for in-depth understanding of the earth atmosphere process,ecological environment evolution,hydrological cycle and climate change,as well as the prediction of weather and climate and the assessment of flood and drought disasters.In recent years,the global soil wetness observation program,as well as grid soil wetness with high spatial and temporal resolution through remote sensing retrieval and model simulation has developed rapidly,especially in the field of hydrologic cycle and weather and climate,which have been gradually applied from the initial research level to the practical business.Firstly,the article briefly introduces the main land surface models for simulating soil moisture,as well as the corresponding results of the Land Surface Process Parameterization Scheme Comparison Plan(PILPS)and the Global Soil Moisture Project(GSWP).Secondly,introduces the progress of land surface data assimilation system to simulate soil wetness from two aspects:data assimilation algorithm and assimilation system.Finally,summarize main methods,indexes and forms for soil wetness verification.In the end,the article makes prospects and suggestions from four aspects:(1)upgrading the observation system to obtain high-quality in-situ observation data;(2)Improving the ability of remote sensing detection to expand the application of products;(3)developing high-precision meteorological driving data and preparing land surface parameters to improve the model results;(4)increasing the understanding of the earth and atmosphere system to improve the physical process of the model.

关 键 词：土壤湿度 陆面模式 数据同化 研究综述 

分 类 号：S152.71[农业科学—土壤学]