光学相干断层扫描在儿童近视眼脉络膜厚度中的研究  

The Study of Choroidal Thickness in Children with Myopia by Optical Coherence Tomography

作　　者：方旺[1] 钟晖[1] 何莉[1] FANG Wang;ZHONG Hui;HE Li(Department of Ophthalmology,Shenzhen Children's Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,518035 China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院眼科,广东深圳518035

出　　处：《系统医学》2021年第21期13-16,共4页Systems Medicine

基　　金：2020年深圳市科创委课题(JCYJ20190809171207530)。

摘　　要：目的应用光学相干断层扫描(OCT)分析儿童近视眼与正常眼脉络膜厚度的差异,探讨脉络膜厚度与儿童近视的相关关系。方法选取2018年9月—2020年8月在该院眼科就诊的160例近视患儿为研究对象,分为高度近视组26例、中度近视组76例和轻度近视组58例。采用频域OCT技术EDI模式测量黄斑区不同位置的脉络膜厚度值,比较不同部位脉络膜厚度的差异,分析影响黄斑中心凹处脉络膜厚度的相关因素。结果儿童各近视组受检眼黄斑中心凹处脉络膜厚度值均低于正常对照组脉络膜厚度,其中高度近视组(183.7±25.1)μm与中度近视组(234.5±19.2)μm、轻度近视组(316.2±10.8)μm、正常组(347.7±12.3)μm差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中度近视组与轻度近视组、正常组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),轻度近视组与正常组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于中度近视组和高度近视组,脉络膜以距黄斑中心凹颞侧1000μm(T1)处最厚,分别为(280.3±14.6)μm和(228.5±18.2)μm,其次是黄斑中心凹(F)处,分别为(234.5±19.2)μm和(183.7±25.1)μm,距黄斑中心凹鼻侧3000μm(N3)处最薄,分别为(145.6±21.9)μm和(105.8±16.1)μm,T1处与N3处脉络膜厚度之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对于正常对照组和轻度近视组,脉络膜以黄斑中心凹(F)处最厚,分别为(347.7±12.3)μm和(316.2±10.8)μm,其次是T1处,分别为(310.3±18.8)μm和(300.3±9.8)μm,N3处最薄,分别为(181.2±24.6)μm和(164.3±29.5)μm,F处与N3处脉络膜厚度之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。黄斑中心凹处脉络膜厚度与屈光度绝对值呈负相关(r=-0.430,P<0.001)。结论儿童近视眼黄斑中心凹处脉络膜较正常眼明显变薄。儿童近视眼脉络膜厚度的变化存在明显的解剖位置差异。黄斑中心凹处脉络膜的厚度与屈光度绝对值呈负相关,与年龄、性别、眼压无明确相关性。Objective To analyze the relationship between choroidal thickness and degree of myopia in children with OCT.Methods From September 2018 to August 2020,160 children with myopia in the ophthalmology department of the hospital were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into 26 cases in the high myopia group,76 cases in the moderate myopia group,and 58 cases in the mild myopia group.The frequency domain OCT technology EDI mode was used to measure the choroidal thickness at different locations in the macular area,compared the differences in choroidal thickness at different locations,and analyzed the related factors that affect the choroidal thickness at the fovea of the macula.Results The choroidal thickness of the macular fovea of the children in each myopia group was lower than that of the normal control group.Among them,the difference between high myopia group(183.7±25.1)μm and moderate myopia group(234.5±19.2)μm,mild myopia group(316.2±10.8)μm,and normal group(347.7±12.3)μm was statistically significant(P<0.05),the difference between the moderate myopia group and the mild myopia group and the normal group was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the difference between the mild myopia group and the normal group was not statistically significant(P>0.05).For the moderate myopia group and the high myopia group,the choroid was the thickest at 1000μm(T1)from the temporal side of the fovea of the macula(280.3±14.6)μm and(228.5±18.2)μm,respectively,followed by the fovea(F)(234.5±19.2)μm and(183.7±25.1)μm,respectively,the thinnest place 3000μm(N3)from the foveal nasal side of the macula(145.6±21.9)μm and(105.8±16.1)μm,respectively,the difference in choroidal thickness between T1 and N3 was statistically significant(P<0.05).For the normal control group and the mild myopia group,the choroid was the thickest at the fovea(F)(347.7±12.3)μm and(316.2±10.8)μm,respectively,followed by T1(310.3±18.8)μm and(300.3±9.8)μm,respectively,N3 was the thinnest(181.2±24.6)μm and(164.3±29.5)�

关 键 词：儿童 近视 脉络膜厚度 光学相干断层扫描 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]