基于单矢量水听器的水声目标探测系统  

Underwater acoustic target detection system based on a single vector hydrophone

作　　者：王文龙[1,2] 王超 马士全[2] 孙芹东 Wang Wenlong;Wang Chao;Ma Shiquan;Sun Qindong(Naval Submarine Academy,Qingdao 266199,China;National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266235,China)

机构地区：[1]海军潜艇学院,青岛266199 [2]海洋科学与技术国家实验室,青岛266235

出　　处：《国外电子测量技术》2021年第10期6-11,共6页Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：海洋科学与技术国家实验室问海计划(2017WHZZB0601);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0311700)项目资助。

摘　　要：针对水下滑翔机、剖面浮标等小型水下无人平台尺寸小、速度低、负载能力弱的特点,研发了一种小体积、低功耗的水声目标探测系统。采用单个大深度复合同振式矢量水听器作为声学传感器;采用DSP+FPGA+EMMC架构搭建水声信号处理系统的硬件平台;使用航姿测量传感器得到系统的实时姿态欧拉角,实现了一种单矢量水听器动平台加窗直方图统计算法来求得目标相对真北的估计方位。将该系统搭载在水下滑翔机上进行海上试验,试验结果证明该系统能够在1 000 m深度稳定工作,对航速14 kn(1 kn≈0.514 4 m/s)的水面航船的探测距离可达14.4 km,表明其适合应用在小型水下无人平台上执行水声目标探测任务。Small underwater unmanned platforms such as underwater gliders and profile buoys are characterized by small size, low speed and weak load capacity. According to these characteristics, an underwater acoustic target detection system with small size and low power consumption was developed, which uses a single large depth combined co-vibrating vector hydrophone as acoustic sensor, uses DSP+FPGA+EMMC architecture to build the hardware platform of the signal processing system. Then the estimated DOA relative to the true north is calculated by windowed histogram statistics for single vector hydrophone on moving platform using the real-time attitude Euler angles of the system which is obtained by the attitude measurement sensor. The system was carried out on an underwater glider for sea tests, and test results show that the system can work stably at the depth of 1 000 m and the detection distance to the surface ship with a speed of 14 kn(1 kn≈0.514 4 m/s) can reach 14.4 km, which proves that the system is suitable for underwater acoustic target detection on small underwater unmanned platforms.

关 键 词：水声目标探测系统 矢量水听器 加窗直方图统计法 水下滑翔机 

分 类 号：TB565.2[交通运输工程—水声工程]