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作 者:于宗赫 黄文[3] 马文刚 霍达 刘文广 许强[4] YU Zonghe;HUANG Wen;MA Wengang;HUO Da;LIU Wenguang;XU Qiang(College of Marine Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Marine Science,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)
机构地区:[1]华南农业大学海洋学院,广东广州510642 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [3]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,广东广州510640 [4]海南大学海洋学院,海南海口570228
出 处:《水产学报》2021年第12期2003-2010,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China
基 金:国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900800);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-055);国家自然科学基金(41676162);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515011115)。
摘 要:为了考察海洋红酵母是否适合作为替代饵料用于玉足海参浮游幼体培育,实验利用牟氏角毛藻和海洋红酵母单独投喂和按照一定比例混合投喂,对玉足海参浮游幼体生长、发育以及成活率的影响进行研究。将牟氏角毛藻液与海洋红酵母稀释液分别按照4∶0、3∶1、2∶2、1∶3和0∶4的体积比混合后投喂玉足海参浮游幼体,依次标记为A、B、C、D和E组。结果显示,仅投喂角毛藻的A组幼体的生长和发育速率最快,实验开始后该组幼体可以在第10天进入大耳幼体阶段,第18天进入樽形幼体阶段;同时,A组幼体的成活率最高,至实验结束时其平均成活率为58.73%±2.75%。相比之下,整个实验过程中D和E组幼体一直停滞在小耳幼体阶段,且无法形成球状体;其中E组幼体的体长一直呈负增长状态,至实验结束时其平均成活率仅为22.22%±5.50%。研究表明,随着饵料中海洋红酵母比例的增加,玉足海参浮游幼体的生长、发育及成活率均受到不利影响。因此,海洋红酵母并不适合作为替代饵料用于玉足海参浮游幼体培育。The sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota is an edible sea cucumber species,which is widely distributed in the shallow waters of tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific Ocean.Nowdays,H.leucospilota has become an important fishery resource owing to the continuously increasing market demand,however,overfishing activities will put this species at risk of extinction in the future.Artificial breeding of H.leucospilota is considered as a useful strategy to solve this problem.The use of suitable substitute diets is an economical and efficient approach for breeding of planktonic larvae of sea cucumbers.In this study,the microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri and Rhodotorula sp.were fed to planktonic larvae of sea cucumber H.leucospilota,either singly or in combination,to evaluate their nutritional quality.C.muelleri and Rhodotorula sp.were mixed in 4∶0,3∶1,2∶2,1∶3 and 0∶4,by volume,and they were labeled as groups A,B,C,D and E,respectively.Results showed that larvae in group A,which fed solely on C.muelleri,exhibited the fastest growth and development among the five groups,larvae could develop to the auricularia stage on the 10 th day and the doliolaria stage on the 18 th day;meanwhile,survival of the larvae in group A was the highest,and the survival rate in this group was 58.73%±2.75%at the end of the experiment.By contrast,the larvae in groups D and E always stayed in the early auricularia stage,and individuals in these two groups could not form the hyaline spheres during the whole study period.The larvae in group E exhibited negative growth during the whole study period,and survival rate of this group was only 22.22%±5.50%at the end of the experiment.In general,negative effects on the development,growth and survival of the planktonic larvae of H.leucospilota were found with the increase in the proportion of the Rhodotorula sp.in the diet,and therefore Rhodotorula sp.was not a suitable substitute for breeding of H.leucospilota.
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