辣木愈伤组织诱导与分化阶段内源激素的动态变化  

Dynamic changes of endogenous hormones during callus induction and differentiation of Moringa oleifera

作　　者：杜建武 阮明菊 王韦 王睿 黄苏南 张慧[1] 曾千春[1,2] DU Jianwu;RUAN Mingju;WANG Wei;WANG Rui;HUANG Sunan;ZHANG Hui;ZENG Qianchun(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Institute of Moringa,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学云南辣木研究所,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《经济林研究》2021年第4期158-167,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860414);国家现代农业产业技术体系岗位科学家项目(CARS-11-YNZQC);云南省院士专家工作站项目(2019IC007);云南省基础研究面上项目(202101AT070214)。

摘　　要：【目的】为辣木组织培养再生体系的建立提供参考。【方法】以辣木叶片、茎段和花药为外植体,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),在其愈伤组织诱导和分化阶段的0~28 d内,每7 d取样1次,测定吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、玉米素(ZT)和赤霉素(GA_(3))含量,分析了4种内源激素含量及其比值的动态变化,探讨植物内源激素与辣木愈伤组织诱导分化的关系。【结果】叶片、茎段和花药最早形成细胞团分别为培养14、7和21 d时。在辣木叶片、茎段和花药愈伤组织诱导和分化阶段,IAA和ABA含量处于高水平,ZT和GA_(3)含量处于低水平。在辣木叶片、茎段和花药愈伤组织诱导阶段,IAA、ZT和GA_(3)含量总体呈下降趋势;分化阶段,IAA、ZT含量总体呈上升趋势,GA_(3)含量呈现先升、后降的变化趋势。在辣木愈伤组织诱导与分化阶段,ABA含量波动较大,说明内源ABA在辣木愈伤组织诱导与分化中发挥重要作用。就激素含量比值而言,愈伤诱导与分化阶段w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))和w(IAA)/w(ZT)的值较高且变化较明显,w(IAA)/w(ABA)、w(GA_(3))/w(ABA)、w(GA_(3))/w(ZT)和w(ZT)/w(ABA)的值较低且平稳。辣木叶片和花药愈伤组织诱导阶段,w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))和w(IAA)/w(ZT)的值总体呈下降趋势,茎段愈伤组织诱导阶段w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))和w(IAA)/w(ZT)的值总体无明显变化;辣木茎段和花药愈伤分化阶段w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))和w(IAA)/w(ZT)的值总体呈上升趋势,叶片愈伤分化阶段w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))和w(IAA)/w(ZT)的值总体无明显变化。【结论】低含量的ZT有利于辣木愈伤组织的形成,高含量GA_(3)抑制辣木愈伤组织的形成;高含量的ABA、低含量的ZT和较高的w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))、w(IAA)/w(ZT)值共同抑制了辣木愈伤组织分化完整植株。【Objective】This study aims to provide a reference for the establishment of a tissue culture regeneration system of Moringa oleifera.【Method】To investigate the relationship between plant endogenous hormones and callus induction and differentiation,the contents of indole acetic acid(IAA),abscisic acid(ABA),zeatin(ZT)and gibberellic acid three(GA_(3))in callus of M.oleifera were determined every 7 days during 0-28 days of callus induction and differentiation,and the dynamic changes of contents and their ratio of 4 endogenous hormones were analyzed.【Result】The earliest cell clusters emerging from the cultured leaves,stems and anthers were 14 d,7 d and 21 d,respectively.The contents of IAA and ABA of the cultured leaves,stems and anthers of M.oleifera during the callus induction and differentiation,were at high levels,whereas the contents of ZT and GA_(3)were at low levels.The endogenous IAA,ZT and GA_(3)in the leaves,stems and anthers of M.oleifera showed a decreasing trend during callus induction.During the differentiation stage,endogenous IAA and ZT showed an overall increasing trend,while GA_(3)content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The content of ABA fluctuated greatly during the induction and differentiation stage of M.oleifera,indicating that endogenous ABA played an important role in callus induction and differentiation.In terms of the hormone ratio during the induction and differentiation stage,the w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))and w(IAA)/w(ZT)were high with variable changes,while the ratios of w(IAA)/w(ABA),w(GA_(3))/w(ABA),w(GA_(3))/w(ZT)and w(ZT)/w(ABA)were low and stable.The ratios of w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))and w(IAA)/w(ZT)in leaves and anther of M.oleifera showed a decreasing trend in callus induction stage,while the ratios of w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))and w(IAA)/w(ZT)in stem segments showed no significant changes in callus induction stage.The ratios of w(IAA)/w(GA_(3))and w(IAA)/w(ZT)in the stem and anther of M.oleifera showed an increasing trend in the callus differentiation stage,while the ratios

关 键 词：辣木 愈伤组织诱导与分化 内源激素 吲哚乙酸 脱落酸 玉米素 赤霉素 

分 类 号：S604.3[农业科学—园艺学]