不育系培矮64S衍生的近等基因系的育性感温性及基因初定位研究  

Thermal Sensitivity of Pollen Fertility and Preliminary Gene Localization of GMS Line Pei’ai 64S and Its Near-isogenic Lines

作　　者：王思瑶 潘晓玲 刘敏 李佳馨 陈慧玲 毛丹丹[1] 戴小军[1] 梁满中[1] 陈良碧[1] WANG Si-yao;PAN Xiao-ling;LIU Min;LI Jia-xin;CHEN Hui-ling;MAO Dan-dan;DAI Xiao-jun;LIANG Man-zhong;CHEN Liang-bi(Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application,College of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院作物不育资源创新与应用湖南省重点实验室,中国湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2021年第6期479-487,共9页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家十三五重大课题资助项目(2016YFD0101107)。

摘　　要：培矮64S是光敏核不育水稻农垦58S衍生出的应用面积最大、不育临界温度最低的不育系。但其不育临界温度高于温敏核不育系株1S,杂交制种也没有株1S安全。为了探究培矮64S育性感温的机制,选育不育临界温度更低、杂交制种更安全的不育系,本研究以培矮64S为母本与丰源B杂交,再以杂交后代的不育株与丰源B回交两次制备近等基因系,以其中的不育株(系)进行育性感温性研究。结果表明:在自然高温(日均温≥28℃)条件下,培矮64S衍生的40个近等基因不育株系的花粉完全不育,但在23.5℃处理6 d条件下,花粉可育度最低的为0(p5-1S、p28-1S、p12S),最高的达87.9%(p1S),培矮64S为6.6%。该育性研究结果说明,40个不育株系在高温条件下为育性纯合的不育系,但不同株系临界不育温度差异显著,可以选育出比培矮64S不育性更稳定、杂交制种更安全的不育系。对培矮64S及其近等基因系进行全基因组测序,发现有两个位点与花粉不育关联,分别初定位于7号染色体上的19830.36~20025 kb(长194.64 kb)和9号染色体上的22453.62~22902.05 kb(长448.43 kb)。Pei’ai 64 S is one of the sterile lines derived from PGMS Nongken 58 S,with the largest application area and the lowest critical temperature to induce sterility.However,its critical temperature is higher than that of thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile line 1 S,and is not as safe as 1 S for hybrid seed production.To probe into the mechanisms underlying the fertility thermo-sensitivity of Pei’ai 64 S and to breed the sterile lines with even lower critical temperature and higher hybrid seed production safety,the near-isogenic lines were developed by crossing Pei’ai 64 S as female parent with Fengyuan B,followed by backcrossing the sterile plants of hybrid progeny with Fengyuan B twice.The sterile lines among the obtained near-isogenic lines were used for fertility thermo-sensitivity study.The results showed that,under natural high temperature(daily mean temperature≥28℃)conditions,the pollens of 40 Pei’ai 64 S-derived near-isogenic sterile lines were completely sterile;however,when treated with 23.5℃for 6 days,the lowest pollen fertility was 0(p5-1 S,p28-1 S,p12 S),the highest was 87.9%(p1 S),and the pollen fertility of Pei’ai 64 S was 6.6%.These results indicated that,under high temperature conditions,the 40 sterile lines are homozygous sterile lines,but the critical sterility-inducing temperatures between different lines were remarkably different.Therefore,it is possible to breed from them the sterile lines with more stable sterility and safer hybrid seed production than Pei’ai64 S.The whole genomes of Pei’ai 64 S and its near-isogenic lines were sequenced,and two sites were found to be associated with pollen sterility.They were preliminarily localized between 19830.36~20025 kb(length194.64 kb)on chromosome 7 and between 22453.62~22902.05 kb(length 448.43 kb)on chromosome 9,respectively.

关 键 词：水稻 培矮64S 近等基因系 育性感温性 不育基因 基因定位 

分 类 号：Q955[生物学—动物学]