叶适所撰墓志中的三类基层儒者  

Three Grass-roots Confucians in the Epitaphs Written by Ye Shi

作　　者：崔海东[1] CUI Haidong(School of Humanities,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang,China 212003)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学人文学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期19-28,共10页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(17FZX020)。

摘　　要：叶适所撰墓志当中有三类基层儒者。第一类是基层政府之官员,其兢兢业业,积极处理狱讼、赋税,严加管束胥吏、豪强,努力促进改善经济、民生,改革弊政,移风易俗,确保地方治安。第二类是基层社会之精英,其燮和家族,造福乡党,并揭开了“四民”互动的新篇章。第三类是散落民间之士子:或渴望时运,建功立业;或勠力为善,造福乡党;或锲而不舍,深研学术;或自做工夫,修身不辍;或甘于贫困,守其节义。此三类人员组成了庞大的基层儒士群体,代表着南宋儒学下行的真实发展面貌。Among the epitaphs written by Ye Shi,there are three types of Confucians in the grass-roots society.The first category is the officials of grass-roots governments.They work hard,actively deal with lawsuits and taxes,strictly manage petty officials and powerful landlords,strive to improve the economy and people’s livelihood,reform corrupt policies,change old customs and habits,and ensure local public security.The second category is the elite in the grass-roots society.They make the family harmonious,bring benefits to rural people,and open a new chapter in the interaction of“the four classes of people”(scholars,farmers,artisans,and merchants).The third category is the scholars scattered in the civil society.They either aspire for opportunities to accomplish great tasks,or try to do good deeds to benefit countrymen,or persevere in academic research,or strengthen moral cultivation persistently by themselves,or guard their integrity in spite of the poverty.These three types of personnel constitute a huge group of Confucian scholars in the grass-roots society,representing the real development of downward transfer of Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：叶适 墓志铭 基层儒者 儒学下行 

分 类 号：B244.92[哲学宗教—中国哲学]