粳稻穗部不同部位籽粒产量相关性状差异及其与内源激素的相关性  

Difference in Yield-related Traits of Grains in Various Parts of Panicle in japonica Rice and Its Correlation with Endogenous Hormones

作　　者：郑小龙 周菁清[3] 滕颖 章林平 邵雅芳[2] 胡培松[1,2] 魏祥进 ZHENG Xiaolong;ZHOU Jingqing;TENG Ying;ZHANG Linping;SHAO Yafang;HU Peisong;WEI Xiangjin(College of Agriculture,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 314001,China;Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Engineering Co.Ltd,Hangzhou 310015,China;Plantation Technology Extension Center of Jintan District,Changzhou 213200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045 [2]中国水稻研究所,杭州314001 [3]浙江环境监测工程有限公司,杭州310015 [4]江苏省常州市金坛区种植业技术推广中心,江苏常州213200

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2022年第1期43-54,共12页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家农产品质量安全风险评估重大专项课题(GJFP2019043);中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程资助项目(CAASZDRW202011);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202125)。

摘　　要：【目的】根据灌浆期水稻内源激素水平解析稻穗不同部位籽粒产量性状的差异。【方法】以相同环境下种植的嘉58等6个浙江省常规粳稻品种为实验材料,将稻穗籽粒按一次枝梗在主穗上的节点划分为稻穗上部、中部和下部籽粒,测定了不同部位籽粒水杨酸(SA)、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)和生物量的动态变化及收获后籽粒千粒重、整精米率、长宽比、胶稠度和碱消值等相关性状。【结果】籽粒在灌浆期内0~35 d处于持续增重状态,且表现为上部>中部>下部,花后35 d各品种不同部位籽粒生物量的变异系数为1.66%~10.26%,35 d以后不同部位籽粒生物量的差距逐渐缩小但仍有差异,籽粒成熟后千粒重仍表现为上部籽粒(25.08~33.88g)>中部(24.04~32.49 g)>下部(23.46~31.78 g);不同部位间籽粒整精米率与长宽比略有差异,且千粒重与长宽比呈极显著正相关(r=0.89, P<0.01),与整精米率呈极显著负相关(r=-0.68, P<0.01);在胶稠度、碱消值方面,品种间的差异显著大于部位间的差异;三种内源激素在不同部位籽粒中的差异均较为显著,且SA差异最为稳定,全周期不同部位间籽粒SA含量变异系数为0.59%~25.90%,ABA和IAA变异系数依次为1.35%~66.25%和0.16%~81.04%。不同部位SA含量在灌浆初期与末期正相反,前期表现为上部籽粒>中部>下部,末期却表现为下部籽粒>中部>上部。【结论】不同部位籽粒的内源激素及产量等相关性状差异均较为显著,激素含量差异以SA最为稳定。SA与ABA和IAA分别呈显著正相关(r=0.54, P <0.05)和极显著正相关(r=0.59, P<0.01),与千粒重呈显著负相关(r=-0.53, P <0.05),其与长宽比和整精米率也分别为极显著负相关(r=-0.66, P <0.01)和极显著正相关(r=0.95, P <0.01)。【Objective】The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences of grain yield in different parts of panicle given the levels of endogenous hormones in rice at grain filling stage.【Method】Six conventional japonica rice varieties from Zhejiang Province,including Jia 58,Jia 67,Zhejing 99,Xiushui 121,Xiushui 134 and Zhongjia 8,were used as materials.All the rice materials were grown in the same conditions.According to the internodes of the primary rachis branch on the main panicle,the rice panicle was divided into the top,middle and bottom parts.The dynamic changes of grain salicylic acid(SA),abscisic acid(ABA),indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),fresh biomass,thousand-grain weight,head rice yield,length-width ratio,gel consistency,alkali spreading value during six rice development stages were measured.【Result】The thousand-grain weight of grains from different panicle parts increased steadily during the filling stages(0-35 days)with the top parts being the heaviest and the bottom part being the lightest.The variation coefficient of grain biomass in different panicle parts ranged from 1.66%to 10.26%on the 35th day.Then the gaps between different panicle parts were narrowed,but the differences could be still observed.After maturity,the thousand-grain weight still followed the trend of the top(25.08-33.88 g)>the middle(24.04-32.49 g)>the bottom(23.46-31.78 g).There was a slight difference in head rice yield and length-width ratio among different panicle parts.The correlation analysis among all the parameters showed that thousand-grain weight was positively correlated with length-width ratio(r=0.89,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with head rice yield(r=-0.68,P<0.01).For the gel consistency and alkali spreading value,the differences among the six varieties was significantly greater than those among the three panicle parts.Significant differences were observed among the three endogenous phytohormones from different panicle parts.The variation coefficients of SA,ABA and IAA from different panicle parts were 0.59%-25

关 键 词：粒位 籽粒生物量 内源激素 差异性 相关性 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]