新疆地区马铃薯品种抗旱性比较及筛选  

Comparison and Selection of Drought Resistance of Potato Varieties in Xinjiang

作　　者：孙慧[1] 王亚玲 刘易[1] 李江涛[1] 邢斌德 罗正乾 冯怀章[1] SUN Hui;WANG Yaling;LIU Yi;LI Jiangtao;XING Binde;LUO Zhengqian;FENG Huaizhang(Comprehensive Test Field of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830012,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院综合试验场,乌鲁木齐830012

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2021年第12期1787-1796,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家马铃薯产业技术体系-乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-09-ES36)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出适宜新疆地区种植的马铃薯耐旱、耐瘠薄品种,分别于2018年、2019年对‘陇薯6号’‘陇薯10号’‘陇薯11号’‘陇薯13号’‘冀张薯12号’‘中薯19号’‘中薯20号’‘中薯22号’‘晋薯16号’共9个马铃薯供试品种分别采用正常灌水和干旱胁迫处理,每个处理的小区安装水表、球阀控制小区灌水用量。在生育期内对马铃薯田间农艺性状、单株产量、667 m^(2)产量方面进行综合比较,进一步进行抗旱性评价。结果表明,在干旱胁迫下,‘中薯22号’‘陇薯13号’较其他品种生长势强,叶绿素含量对干旱胁迫不敏感。干旱对叶面积的抑制性较小。根干质量减幅较其他品种小,根含水率增幅较其他品种高。单株块茎质量较正常浇水差异不显著。‘中薯22’号2018年和2019年每667 m^(2)产量分别达到2 296.81 kg、2 378.06 kg,‘陇薯13号’2018年和2019每667 m^(2)产量为2 154.74 kg、2 154.82 kg,2 a产量均高于其他7个品种。因此,‘中薯22号’‘陇薯13号’表现出较好的适应性、抗旱性和丰产性,适宜新疆半干旱地区推广种植。In order to screen out drought-tolerant and barren-tolerant potato varieties suitable for planting in Xinjiang,Nine tested varieties including ‘Longshu 6’‘Longshu 10’‘Longshu 11’‘Longshu 13’ and ‘Jizhangshu 12’‘Zhongshu 19’‘Zhongshu 20’‘Zhongshu 22’ and Jinshu 16 were treated with normal irrigation and dry stress in 2018 and 2019.Water meters and ball valves were installed in each treatment plot to control the water consumption.During the growth period,the potato field agronomic traits,yield per plant,and yield per 667 m^(2) were done,and drought resistance were comprehensively compared and further evaluated.The results showed that under drought stress,‘Zhongshu 22’ and ‘Longshu 13’ were better than others.The variety had strong growth potential and the chlorophyll content was not sensitive to drought stress.Drought had less inhibitory effect on leaf area.The reduction of root dry mass was smaller than that of other varieties,and the increase of root water content was higher than that of other varieties.The tuber mass per plant was not significantly different from normal watering.The yield per 667 m^(2) of ‘Zhongshu 22’ in 2018 and 2019 reached 2 296.81 kg and 2 378.06 kg,respectively,and the yield of ‘Longshu 13’ per 667 m^(2) in 2018 and 2019 was 2 154.74 kg and 2 154.82 kg,respectively.The two-year yield was higher than the other 7 varieties.Therefore,‘Zhongshu 22’ and ‘Longshu 13’ show good adaptability,drought resistance and high yield,and it is suitable for popularization in semi-arid areas of Xinjiang.

关 键 词：马铃薯 品种 产量 抗旱指数 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]