航空发动机压气机叶片表面积垢行为  

Fouling Behavior of Aero-engine Compressor Blades Surface

作　　者：于海峰 陈卫[1] 程礼[1] 张文俊 YU Haifeng;CHEN Wei;CHENG Li;ZHANG Wenjun(College of Aeronautics Engineering,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710038,China;Unit 93841 of PLA,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学航空工程学院,西安710038 [2]中国人民解放军93841部队,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国表面工程》2021年第5期188-197,共10页China Surface Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(973项目)(2015CB057400)。

摘　　要：清除叶片积垢能够有效恢复压气机衰退的性能,不同的清洗剂对不同性质的积垢清洗效果不同,目前发动机在翼清洗是针对压气机前几级叶片积垢配制的清洗剂,对高压最后几级叶片积垢鲜有研究。通过在返厂发动机压气机不同级的转子叶片上获取积垢样品,采用SEM、EDS、XRD等多重表征技术,研究叶片积垢的形成机理和性质。结果表明,低压压气机叶片积垢主要是空气中含有的颗粒物与发动机产生的油气物质的混合物;高压第1级叶片积垢来源与低压相同,但在较高的温度作用下,部分有机物结焦积碳;高压最后3级高温合金叶片积垢主要来源于合金的高温氧化行为,主要是在合金抗氧化薄膜外层形成的以Fe_(2)O_(3)为主要成分的氧化物。研究了航空发动机典型压气机叶片积垢形成机理和性质,对于选择合适的清洗剂和清洗方法具有指导意义。Clearing fouling of compressor blades can effectively restore the performance deterioration of aero-engine compressor.Different washing agents have different washing effects on fouling with different properties.At present,washing agents are prepared for fouling of blades in the first few stages of compressor,and there is little research on fouling of blades in the last few stages of highpressure compressor.The fouling samples were obtained on the rotor blades at different positions of the compressor of the engine whose life had reached the overhaul conditions.Fouling mechanisms and properties of compressor blades were studied by multiple characterization techniques such as SEM,EDS and XRD.The results show that the fouling of the low-pressure compressor blades is mainly the mixture of the particulate matter contained in the air and the oil mist produced by the engine.The source of blades fouling of high-pressure compressor stage 1 is the same as that of low-pressure compressor.However,under the action of higher temperature,some organic matter cokes to carbon deposition.The fouling on the superalloy blade surface of the last three stages of high-pressure compressor comes from the high temperature oxidation behavior of the alloy,which is mainly formed in the outer layer of the alloy oxidation resistance film with Fe_(2)O_(3) as the main component.The research on the fouling formation mechanisms and properties of the typical compressor blades of aero-engine is guiding significance for selecting suitable washing agents and washing methods.

关 键 词：航空发动机 叶片积垢 积垢性质 形成机理 高温氧化 

分 类 号：V231[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]