陕西省居民健康需求与健身锻炼现状调查  

Investigation on health needs and fitness exercise of residents in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：牛育鸿 张永爱[1] 周晓丽[1] 贾丽晔 冯昊 NIU Yu-hong;ZHANG Yong-ai;ZHOU Xiao-li;JIA Li-ye;FENG Hao(Xi'an Medical University,Xi'an Shanxi 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2022年第1期81-85,90,共6页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：陕西省教育科学“十三五”规划课题(SGH20Y1324)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解陕西省居民健康需求和参加健身锻炼现状及其影响因素,并提出相关建议。[方法]采用方便抽样方法选取陕西省所属10个行政市(区)居住时间在6个月以上的居民作为研究对象,以问卷的形式调查居民的健康需求和健身锻炼现状。[结果]陕西省60岁以上的居民对健康比较关注和十分关注两项总和及对全民健身含义不知道的人数比例明显高于其他年龄段居民(P<0.01);居民对健康知识的获取途径前两位分别是网络(77.20%)和电视媒体(45.94%);18岁以下的居民每年参加健康体检和体质测试、每周锻炼3~4次的比例明显高于其他年龄段居民(P<0.01),参加健身锻炼的频率(由多到少)对近1年来在自身医药费用方面的支出产生显著的正向影响关系;60岁以上的居民每天锻炼1次的比例高于其他年龄段居民(P<0.01),他们更倾向于选择室外广场和公园开展健身锻炼;居民对运动损伤知识的了解及来自专业人员的运动指导较少。[结论]陕西省居民对健康的关注不够,将健康融入相关政策的制定及落实还不到位。Objective To know the status quo of health needs and fitness exercise of residents and its influencing factors in Shaanxi Province,put forward relevant suggestions.Methods The study selected the residents who lived more than 6 months from 10 administrative cities(districts)in Shaanxi Province by the method of convenient sampling,investigated the status quo of health needs and fitness exercise of the residents in the form of questionnaire.Results The proportion of residents over 60 years old who paid more and complete attention to health and did not know the meaning of national fitness was significantly higher than those of other age groups in Shaanxi Province(P<0.01).The top two ways for residents to acquire health knowledge were from internet(77.20%)and TV media(45.94%).The proportion of residents under 18 years old who took part in physical examination and physical fitness test every year and exercised 3-4 times a week was significantly higher than those of other age groups(P<0.01).The frequency of taking part in physical exercise(from more to less)had a significant positive impact on their medical expenses in the past year.The proportion of residents over 60 years old who took exercise once a day was higher than that of other age groups(P<0.01),and they were more inclined to choose outdoor square and park to take exercise;Residents'knowledge of sports injury and sports guidance from professionals were less.Conclusions The residents of Shanxi province pay less attention to health,and it is not in place of the formulation and practice that integrate health into relevant policies.

关 键 词：居民 健康需求 健身锻炼 陕西省 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]