滴头流量对再生水灌溉作物根区典型微生物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Dripping Rate with Reclaimed Water on Typical Microbial Community Structure in the Root Zone Soil of Tomato

作　　者：李松旌 樊向阳[1,3,4] 崔二苹 高峰[1,3,4] 吴海卿[1,3,4] 李胜曙[1,2] 崔丙健 胡超 LI Songjing;FAN Xiangyang;CUI Erping;GAO Feng;WU Haiqing;LI Shengshu;CUI Bingjian;HU Chao(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453002,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453002,China;Agricultural Water Soil Environmental Field Research Station of Xinxiang,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]中国农业科学院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室,河南新乡453002 [4]中国农业科学院新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第12期26-35,共10页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51479201);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0403503);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(FIRI202003-01);河南省科技攻关项目(192102110094)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明再生水滴灌条件下不同滴头流量对根区土壤典型微生物群落结构及功能的影响和差异性。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以传统漫灌为对照,研究了不同滴灌滴头流量(2、4、8 L/h)下番茄根区各土层(0~5、5~10 cm和10~15 cm)微生物群落分布规律的差异性及其影响因素。【结果】滴灌处理微生物多样性指数均高于对照组漫灌处理,且在5~10cm土层的差异达到了显著水平(P<0.05);不同滴头流量处理对番茄根区门水平、属水平优势菌群并无影响,但可通过影响根区土壤pH、EC及全磷等环境因子进而影响微生物群落的相对丰度,如滴头流量2 L/h处理较其他处理增加了10~15cm土层中全磷质量分数,进而显著增加了拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度,滴灌各处理增加了0~15 cm土层pH值进而降低了鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)的相对丰度;滴头流量为2 L/h时0~5 cm土层各功能微生物通路丰度最高。【结论】再生水滴灌条件下不同滴头流量可通过改变土壤理化性状,进而改变作物根区土壤微生物群落结构及分布特征,并提高部分功能菌群丰度,说明适宜滴头流量的选择对于再生水灌溉土壤微生物调控具有重要意义。【Background and objective】Rhizosphere is the interface of soil and plant housing a unique microbial community which not only mediates carbon and nutrient cycles but is also the underlying drivers of soil structure genesis.Soil microorganisms self-restructure following environmental change,which has a consequence for all biogeochemical processes.The purpose of this study is to investigate if and how dripping rate affects the microbial community of the rhizosphere of tomato drip-irrigated using reclaimed water.【Method】Pot experiment was conducted in an intelligent artificial climate chamber.It compared three dripping rates:2,4 and 8 L/h,with traditional flood irrigation taken as the control.After harvesting the plants,microbial community in the different root zone soil layers(0~5,5~10,and 10~15 cm)of each treatment was analyzed using the 16 S rDNA microbial diversity sequencing method.【Result】Microbial diversity index under drip irrigation was higher than that under the control,regardless of the dripping rate,and their difference was most significant in the 5~10 cm soil layer(P<0.05).Dripping rate did not show a significant impact on dominant flora at phylum and genus level,but the relative abundance of microbial community changed with edaphic factors such as pH,EC,total phosphorus.Dripping at the rate of 2 L/h increased the total phosphorus content in the 10~15 cm soil compared with other treatments,and it also significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes.Compared with the control,the drip irrigations increased pH and reduced the relative abundance of Sphingomonas in the 10~15 cm soil.When the dripping rate was 2 L/h,the abundance of each functional microbial pathway was the highest in the top 0~5 cm soil.【Conclusion】Dripping rate in using reclaimed water to irrigate tomato altered the physical and chemical properties of soil,thereby shifting microbial community and microbial distribution in the rhizosphere.It also reshaped the distribution of the abundance of some functional flo

关 键 词：再生水 滴灌 滴头流量 根区土壤 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]