2010年湄洲湾北岸潮间带沉积物重金属污染分布及污染评价  

Distribution and evaluation of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments from intertidal zone on the northern shore of the Meizhou Bay in 2010

作　　者：李兆河 LI Zhao-he(Weihai Ocean Vocational College,Marine Economic Algae Resources Development and Utilization Engineering Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province,Weihai 264300,China;College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]威海海洋职业学院,山东省海洋经济藻类资源开发与利用工程技术协同创新中心,山东威海264300 [2]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2021年第6期49-57,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：山东省海洋经济藻类资源开发与利用工程技术协同创新中心专项资金项目资助(MADU202006);山东省高校科研计划项目(J18KB062)。

摘　　要：2010年10月对湄洲湾北岸潮间带表层沉积物进行了调查,对沉积物中重金属Cu、Ni、Cr、As、Cd、Pb、Hg、Zn的含量进行了测定,利用污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对调查区潮间带表层沉积物重金属的污染状况进行了评价。结果表明:调查区除Cr外的其他元素均低于I类标准,Cr元素61.54%采样点超I类标准,低于II类标准;通过粒度分析及重金属来源分析,推测Cu、Ni、Cr、As 4种元素受地球化学背景值影响,属于自然来源,Cd、Pb和Hg 3种元素可能与港区排污有关,属于人为来源,Zn来源复杂,可能与其他物理化学因素及生物扰动有关;通过污染指数分析和潜在生态风险分析,调查区潮间带整体处于中等污染水平和较轻的潜在生态风险,推测受港区的影响较大。A research of surface sediments from intertidal zone on the northern shore the of Meizhou Bay was conducted in October 2010.The heavy metal(Cu,Ni,Cr,As,Cd,Pb,Hg and Zn)contents in sediments were measured,and the pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated by using the pollution index method and potential ecological risk index.The results indicated that the contents of the elements in the inspected area except Cr were all lower than the Class I standard.Furthermore,the contents of Cr element in 61.54%sampling points exceeded Class I standard,which were lower than the Class II standard.The results of particle size analysis and heavy metal source analysis showed that the distribution characteristics of the four elements(Cu,Ni,Cr,As)were similar.It can be inferred that the contents of the four elements are affected by geochemical background values,indicating that they belong to natural sources.The three elements(Cd,Pb and Hg)might be related to sewage discharge from the port area,which indicated that they belong to anthropogenic sources.The sources of Zn were complicated,which might be related to other physical and chemical factors as well as biological disturbances.The analysis results of pollution index and potential ecological risk showed that the intertidal zone was generally at a medium pollution level and lighter potential ecological risk,which was presumed to be affected by the port area greatly.

关 键 词：潮间带 表层沉积物 重金属 分布特征 污染评价 

分 类 号：X145[环境科学与工程—环境科学]