声腔-弹性板结构在不同激励下声辐射特性研究  

Acoustic Radiation Characteristics of Cavity-elastic Plate Model under Different Excitation

作　　者：孔德瑜 王刚 倪俊芳[1] KONG Deyu;WANG Gang;NI Junfang(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215131)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学机电工程学院,苏州215131

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第21期126-137,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51805341);江苏省自然科学青年基金(BK20180843);中国博士后科学基金(2020M671412);江苏省博士后基金(2020Z055)资助项目。

摘　　要：以声腔-弹性板声振耦合模型为研究对象,对比分析该模型在点力激励和点声源激励下,激励位置、声腔厚度以及弹性边界等对弹性板声辐射功率、表面振速和腔内声压的影响及两种情况下的区别。弹性板的振动位移函数通过谱几何方法得到,并采用Hamliton原理,充分考虑了板的振动与板两侧声场之间的耦合。利用Rayleigh积分,可计算出弹性板的声辐射特性参数。结果表明,在简支约束情况时,点力和点声源两种激励下,激励位置、声腔厚度和弹性边界对板的声辐射功率、表面振速和腔内声压有不同的变化。在薄声腔时,点力激励下,声腔个别模态对板有明显影响。点声源激励下,模型耦合作用明显,弹性板的声辐射功率、表面振速和腔内声压主要受到耦合模态的影响,且点声源的耦合作用明显强于点力作用。相较于扭转刚度,直线刚度对声辐射的影响更大。The vibro-acoustic coupling model of acoustic cavity and elastic plate is taken as the research object,and the influences of excitation location,cavity thickness and elastic boundary on acoustic radiation power,surface vibration velocity and sound pressure of elastic plate under point force excitation and point source excitation of the model are compared and analyzed,as well as the differences between the two cases.The vibration displacement function of the plate is obtained by Spectral Geometry Method,in which the coupling between the vibration of the plate and the sound field on both sides of the plate is fully considered by using Hamiltonian principle.The acoustic radiation characteristic parameters of the plate can be calculated by using Rayleigh integral.The results show that the excitation position,the cavity thickness and elastic boundary have different effects on the acoustic radiation power,surface vibration velocity and the sound pressure in the cavity under the point force and point source.When the cavity is thin,several modes of the cavity have obvious influence on the plate under the point force excitation.Under the point source excitation,the coupling effect of the model is more obvious.The sound radiation power,surface vibration velocity and sound pressure in the cavity are mainly affected by the coupling modes,and the coupling effect of the point source is obviously stronger than that of the point force.Compared with torsional stiffness,linear stiffness has greater influence on acoustic radiation.

关 键 词：声腔-弹性板模型 强耦合 声辐射特性 Rayleigh积分 谱几何方法 

分 类 号：TB532[理学—物理]