抛射垂直度对四脉冲原子干涉仪性能影响分析  

Influence analysis of launched verticality of atoms on the performance of a four-pulse atom interferometer

作　　者：路想想 赵小明[1,2] 刘简 裴闯 裴栋梁[1] 刘为任 LU Xiangxiang;ZHAO Xiaoming;LIU Jian;PEI Chuang;PEI Dongliang;LIU Weiren(Tianjin Navigation and Instrument Institute,Tianjin 300131,China;Lab of Maritime Support and Technology of CSSC,Tianjin 300131,China)

机构地区：[1]天津航海仪器研究所,天津300131 [2]中国船舶集团有限公司航海保障技术实验室,天津300131

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2021年第5期655-660,共6页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：装备预研船舶重工联合基金重大基金(6141B041101-06)。

摘　　要：原子抛射垂直度决定了原子团上抛后的运动轨迹,是影响四脉冲原子干涉仪性能的重要因素。首先,理论分析了原子抛射垂直度对探测到的原子数目、拉曼脉冲的跃迁效率以及干涉条纹对比度的影响;之后,构建了干涉时间(2T)为60 ms的上抛式四脉冲原子干涉仪,开展了原子抛射垂直度对干涉仪性能影响的实验验证。仿真结果表明,当拉曼光方向的原子抛射不垂直角度为3.5 mrad时,探测到的原子数目降低50%;当α=±30 mrad时,四个拉曼π脉冲的跃迁效率分别降至36.2%,31.3%,22.8%和19.2%,此时四脉冲干涉的理论条纹对比度降至3.24%。实验结果与理论分析相符,干涉条纹对比度为2.82%。理论和实验均证实优化原子抛射垂直度是提升四脉冲原子干涉仪性能的有效技术途径。The moving trajectory of atoms is determined by initial launched verticality of the atomic cloud,and plays an important role in closing atomic interference paths,signal extraction and the signal-to-noise ratio of interference patterns.First the effect of non-vertical angles on detected atom number,transition efficiency of Raman pulses,and fringe contrast is analyzed.Then a four-pulse atom interferometer with a total interrogation time of 60 ms(2T)is constructed,and the effect of launched verticality of the atomic cloud on the performance of the interferometer is verified experimentally.Simulation results show that,when the non-verticality angle in the Raman beam direction is 3.5mrad,detected atom number reduces by 50%;when the non-verticality angle in the probe beam direction is 30mrad,transfer efficiency of four Raman pulses are reduced to36.2%,31.3%,22.8% and 19.2%,respectively,resulting in a reduced fringe contrast of 3.24% in theory.The experimental results are in good agreement with expected outputs,and the fringe contrast is 2.82%.Both theory and experiment verify that improving launched verticality of atoms is an effectively technological way to enhance the performance of four-pulses atom interferometers.

关 键 词：抛射垂直度 四脉冲原子干涉 条纹对比度 跃迁效率 

分 类 号：U666.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]