新型大鼠严重失血性休克模型的建立  

Establishment of a new model of severe hemorrhagic shock in rats

作　　者：刘琳 王砚明 赵惠民[2] 贾东辉 刘昱 LIU Lin;WANG Yanming;ZHAO Huimin;JIA Donghui;LIU Yu(College of Life Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Department of Thoracic Surgery,Baoding First Hospital,Baoding 071066;Department of Thoracic Surgery,the NO.2 Hospital of Baoding,Baoding 071051)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学生命科学学院,河北保定071001 [2]保定市第一医院胸外科,河北保定071066 [3]保定市第二医院胸外科,河北保定071051

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2021年第12期65-70,102,共7页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：河北省第七批百人计划项目(1064003)。

摘　　要：目的目前的出血动物模型常表现为血压波动范围大,脑组织损伤有限,因此本研究试图用大鼠建立一个无明显血压波动的长期严重失血性休克模型。方法将10 mL注射器空筒固定在外科手术板上方47.58 cm的位置作为储血库。大鼠麻醉后经右侧股动脉插管,利用压力差使血液自动放出到储血库,以此诱导休克。休克过程中上下轻微移动注射器空筒调节注射器内的血液水平来控制平均动脉血压(MAP)。28只雄性SD大鼠按不同复苏方法随机分为4组,每组休克持续3 h,实验过程中实时监测各组大鼠的生理情况和血流动力学指标,并在休克前后采血进行动脉血气分析,HE染色观察大脑海马神经元损伤情况。结果各组在3 h失血性休克期间,MAP可以准确地维持在31~35 mmHg范围内;在3 h休克结束时各组大鼠均能存活,未复苏(RN)组7只中有6只在休克结束后的2 h内死亡,复苏(RB和RR)组在复苏后3 h内均可存活;与休克前相比,各组休克后血pH值显著下降,血乳酸显著升高;失血性休克后20~30 min出现最大失血量,且最大失血量和最终失血量非常相近;病理结果显示所有大鼠海马神经元均有明显损伤。结论采用注射器空筒储血技术,能准确控制MAP,防止明显的血压波动,有助于建立持续性严重失血性休克模型。这种失血性休克模型能诱导可靠的脑损伤、有高度重复性、既可定压又可定容,因此可用于研究失血性休克的病生理变化和治疗效果。Objective Current hemorrhagic animal models often have a wide range of blood pressure fluctuation and limited brain tissue damage.We aimed to develop a prolonged severe hemorrhagic shock model without significant blood pressure fluctuation in rats.Methods A 10 mL syringe was fixed on a wall at 47.58 cm above a surgical operating board to serve as a blood reservoir.A hemorrhagic shock model was induced by automatically withdrawing blood into the 10 mL syringe.Mean arterial blood pressure(MAP)was controlled by adjusting the blood level inside the syringe.Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups in accordance with different resuscitations.The hemorrhagic shock episode lasted for 3 h.The physiological conditions and hemodynamic indexes of rats in each group were monitored in real-time and arterial blood gas was analyzed before and after the shock.Brain hippocampal neuronal damage was assessed by HE staining.Results MAP was accurately maintained at 31~35 mm Hg by keeping the blood level inside the syringe at 47.58 cm above the surgical operating board throughout the 3 h hemorrhagic shock episode.The rats in all groups had survived at the end of the 3 h shock.Rats in the non-resuscitation group had died within 2 h after the end of the shock and those in resuscitation(RB and RR)groups had survived within 3 h after resuscitation.There was a significant decrease in blood pH and increase in blood lactate.Maximum blood loss had occurred at 20~30 min after hemorrhagic shock and the maximum blood loss was very close to the final blood loss.Pathology revealed marked hippocampal neuronal damage in all rats.Conclusions The syringe blood reservoir is useful to establish lengthy severe hemorrhagic shock with accurate control of MAP.This highly reproducible hemorrhagic shock model induces reliable brain damage to investigate pathophysiological changes and therapeutic effects of hemorrhagic shock.

关 键 词：休克 血压控制 储血 酸中毒 海马神经元 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]