日本实验动物管理进程  

Management process of laboratory animals in Japan

作　　者：王杨杨 刘江宁[1] WANG Yangyang;LIU Jiangning(Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院医学实验动物研究所,北京100021

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2021年第12期126-132,共7页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

摘　　要：本文以时间为节点介绍日本实验动物近代化运动的背景,梳理日本主要的实验动物相关法律法,分析日本实验动物行政管理框架及教育培训体系。纵观日本实验动物管理的发展历史可以看出:(1)日本实验动物近代化运动起步早。(2)日本通过不断完善、修订最终形成一套严谨、规范的实验动物管理以及动物实验管理的法律法规体系。(3)在实验动物管理方面,政府各行政机构权责分明,积极引导;各科研机构、大学参与行业管理,形成特色的自主管理模式。(4)实验动物其他关联团体积极配合,制订一系列行业标准。以日本实验动物学会等团体为中心,积极开展实验动物从业人员教育培训,培养优秀人才。介绍了日本实验动物管理的历史,总结日本实验动物的法律法规、分析日本实验动物管理体系,为今后我国实验动物立法,完善实验动物管理制度提供参考。借鉴日本等发达国家的经验可以推动我国实验动物管理法制化建设。This study investigated the background of the modernization movement of Japanese laboratory animals in terms of time,examines the establishment of the main laws,regulations and guidelines of Japanese laboratory animals,and introduces the administrative framework and education and training system of Japanese laboratory animals.Throughout the developmental history of laboratory animal management in Japan,we can see:(1)Modernization movement of laboratory animals in Japan started in an early stage.(2)Through continuous improvement and revision,Japan finally formed a set of rigorous and standardized laws and regulations for laboratory animal feeding and animal experimental management.(3)In the management of laboratory animals,the administrative agencies of the government have strong power and responsibility to guide researchers actively.Various scientific research institutions and universities participate in industry management to form a characteristic independent management model.(4)Other laboratory animal-related groups actively cooperate with each other to formulate a series of industry guidance and standards.The Japanese Laboratory Animal Society and other groups actively carry out education and training of laboratory animal practitioners.To examine the history of laboratory animal management in Japan and analyze the laws,regulations,and management system to provide a reference for legislation of laboratory animals and improve the management system of experimental animals in China.Drawing lessons from the experience of Japan and other developed countries can promote the management of laboratory animals in China.

关 键 词：实验动物 日本实验动物 管理 法律法规 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]