清代浙南畲民科举权争取与东南地区的民族融合  

The She People's Struggle for the Imperial Examination Right in Southern Zhejiang in the Qing Dynasty and the Ethnic Amalgamation in Southeast China

作　　者：李扬[1,2] 曹大明 LI Yang;CAO Daming(School of Nationalities,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;School of Humanities,Zhejiang Universities,Hangzhou 310028,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学民族学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]浙江大学人文学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期30-38,共9页Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“近代浙江畲族文书的搜集、整理与研究”(20&ZD213)阶段成果。

摘　　要：清朝统治者为了推行教化、巩固疆域,把少数民族纳入到科举考试行列中,但是居于东南地区汉民腹地的畲民却是经过积极主动争取才获得参与科举考试的权益。较晚定居于东南地区的畲民在对抗当地士人阻考时,多采取呈诉官府、强调族群性以与清朝统治者特殊的族群背景相关照,借助地方官员支持以争取科举权的策略。地方官员为了解决民族纠纷,更好地管理地方社会,强调了“版图之内”的多民族国家认同,促使畲民更好地从制度、文化等多方面融入整个国家体系和地域社会。这一现象深刻地反映了各民族与国家之间的互动关系,在多维度的互动过程中,各民族与国家之间在利益诉求方面实现了统一。In order to promote enlightenment and consolidate the territory,the rulers of the Qing Dynasty carried out the imperial examination among ethnic minorities.However,the She people who lived in the hinterland of the Han people in southeast China won the right to participate in the imperial examination through active struggles.When striving for the rights and interests of the imperial examination,the She people who were settled later in the southeast of China mostly adopted the strategy of appealing to the government,emphasizing their ethnicity in connection with the special ethnic background of the Qing rulers,and relying on the support of local officials to resist the obstruction of local scholars.In order to solve ethnic disputes and better manage the local society,the local officials enhanced the identity of a multi-ethnic nation“within the territory”,and promoted the She people to better integrate themselves from the institutional and cultural aspects into the whole national system and the regional society.This phenomenon well reflected the interactive relationship between the ethnic groups and the state,and indicated the realization of the common interest between the ethnic groups and the states in the process of multi-dimensional interaction.

关 键 词：畲民 科举权 制度认同 文化认同 国家认同 

分 类 号：C912.3[经济管理]