国家公园生态系统生产总值核算——以海南热带雨林国家公园为例  

Gross ecosystem product accounting of national park: Taking Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park as an example

作　　者：陈宗铸 雷金睿 吴庭天 陈德祥[2] 周璋[2] 李苑菱 洪小江 杨众养 李意德[2] CHEN Zong-zhu;LEI Jin-rui;WU Ting-tian;CHEN De-xiang;ZHOU Zhang;LI Yuan-ling;HONG Xiao-jiang;YANG Zhong-yang;LI Yi-de(Hainan Academy of Forestry/Hainan Academy of Mangrove,Haikou 570100,China;Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry/Jianfengling Long-term Research Station for Tropical Forest Ecosystem,Guangzhou 510000,China;Administration of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省林业科学研究院/海南省红树林研究院,海口570100 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所/海南尖峰岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,广州510000 [3]海南热带雨林国家公园管理局,海口570100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2021年第11期3883-3892,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：海南省财政海南热带雨林国家公园项目资助。

摘　　要：海南热带雨林国家公园拥有我国最具代表性、连片面积最大的热带雨林,生态产品丰富,在开展国家公园生态产品价值实现机制探索上具有得天独厚的优势。本研究基于《陆地生态系统生产总值(GEP)核算技术指南》框架,构建符合热带雨林国家公园特色的GEP核算体系,对2019年海南热带雨林国家公园GEP进行核算。结果表明:2019年,海南热带雨林国家公园GEP为2045.13亿元,单位面积GEP为0.46亿元·km^(-2)。其中,物质产品价值为48.50亿元,占国家公园GEP总量的2.4%;生态系统调节服务价值为1688.91亿元,占82.6%;文化服务价值为307.72亿元,占15.0%。从不同生态系统类型来看,以山地雨林、低地雨林、落叶季雨林、热带云雾林等为代表的热带雨林生态系统的单位面积价值量远高于人工林及其他生态系统,表明热带雨林生态系统在提供生态系统服务功能方面具有显著作用。此外,本研究还基于国家公园GEP核算结果,提出进一步探索生态产品价值实现路径和实现机制的相关建议。Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park has the most representative and largest contiguous tropical rainforest in China,which has advantages in exploring the realization mechanism of ecological product value in national parks.Based on the basic framework of“The Technical Guideline on Gross Ecosystem Product(GEP)”,we constructed a GEP accounting system in line with the characteristics of tropical rain forest national park,and calculated the GEP of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in 2019.The results showed that the GEP of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in 2019 was 204.513 billion yuan,and the GEP per unit area was 0.046 billion yuan·km^(-2).Among all the service types,the value of material services was 4.850 billion yuan,accounting for 2.4%of the total GEP in the national park.The ecosystem regulation service value was 168.891 billion yuan,accounting for 82.6%.The value of cultural services was 30.772 billion yuan,accounting for 15.0%.Among different ecosystem types,the unit area value of the tropical rain forest ecosystem represented by mountain rain forest,lowland rain forest,deciduous monsoon forest,and tropical cloud forest was much higher than that of plantation or other ecosystems,indicating the dominant role of tropical rain forest ecosystem in providing ecosystem services.In addition,based on the GEP accounting results of the national park,we put forward relevant suggestions for further exploring the realization path and realization mechanism of ecological product value.

关 键 词：热带雨林 国家公园 生态系统生产总值 生态产品价值 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]