基于高考分数的能力素养分析及其关联探索  

Analysis of Ability Literacy Based on College Entrance Examination Scores and Its Related Exploration

作　　者：陈南辛 张青华[2] 任涛[2] 张丽华[1] 张琳[1] CHEN Nanxin;ZHANG Qinghua;REN Tao;ZHANG Lihua;ZHANG Lin(School of Science,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100875,China;Beijing Education Era minations Authority,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学理学院,北京100875 [2]北京教育考试院,北京100083

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第6期644-650,共7页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11971074,61671005);北京市教育科学“十三五”规划重大课题(2019年度)“中高考改革背景下北京市教学、考试、招生一体化研究”(CAMA19055)。

摘　　要：基于文理科高考成绩数据开展探索性统计分析,量化了知识与能力素养的关联关系,并对不同能力素养进行难度、区分度维度的量化分析及其关联关系的深度探索。利用因子分析得出高考试题考察的能力素养主要有四类,即逻辑思维能力、外语能力、记忆能力以及综合应用能力。在四类能力中,综合应用能力的难度最大,记忆能力难度最小。借助条件熵量化能力之间的关联,发现逻辑思维是四类能力中的核心能力。量化结果为优化学习路径、提升学习效率提供了参考,为学科核心素养的训练和跨学科融合提供了蓝图和参考。Based on the results data of the college entrance examination in arts and science, an exploratory statistical analysis is made, the correlation between knowledge and ability literacy is quantified, and a quantitative analysis of the difficulty and differentiation dimensions of different abilities and the in-depth exploration of their correlation is made.Using factor analysis, there are four main types of ability literacy in high examination questions, namely logical thinking ability, foreign language ability, memory ability and comprehensive application ability.Among the four types of abilities, the comprehensive application ability is the most difficult, and the memory ability is the least difficult.With the correlation between conditional entropy quantization ability, it is found that logical thinking is the core ability of four types of competence.Quantified results provide a reference for optimizing learning paths and improving learning efficiency, as well as blueprints and references for the training and interdisciplinary integration of core disciplines.

关 键 词：教育数据挖掘 高考成绩 知识 能力 素养 难度 

分 类 号：C32[社会学]